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Shloka 12

अध्याय २९: कर्णस्य शल्यं प्रति शापस्मरणं च युद्धनिश्चयः | Chapter 29: Karṇa recalls curses to Śalya and declares resolve for battle

उस समय आपके हितैषी सुहृद्‌ अतिरथी वीर वहाँ शिनिवंशशिरोमणि सात्यकिके शरोंसे अत्यन्त पीड़ित हुए महारथी कर्णके पास हाथी, घोड़े, रथ और पैदलोंकी चतुरंगिणी सेना साथ लेकर तुरंत आ पहुँचे ।।

tad-udadhi-nibham ādravad balaṁ tvarita-taraiḥ samabhidrutaṁ paraiḥ | drupada-suta-mukhaiḥ tadā bhavat-puruṣa-ratha-aśva-gaja-kṣayo mahān ||

Sañjaya said: Then your well-wishing heroes, mighty atirathas, arrived at once beside Karṇa, the great chariot-warrior, sorely afflicted by the arrows of Sātyaki, jewel of the Śini line, bringing with them the fourfold host—elephants, horses, chariots, and infantry. Thereafter the swift-moving foes, led by the sons of Drupada such as Dhrishtadyumna, fell upon your ocean-like army, and your forces too rushed toward the enemy. Then a great slaughter began—of men, chariots, horses, and elephants.

तत्that
तत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
उदधि-निभम्ocean-like
उदधि-निभम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootउदधि-निभ
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
आद्रवत्ran / rushed
आद्रवत्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootआ-द्रु (धातु)
FormImperfect (Laṅ), 3rd, Singular
बलम्army, force
बलम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootबल
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
त्वरित-तरैःby the swifter (ones)
त्वरित-तरैः:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootत्वरित-तर
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
समभिद्रुतम्rushed upon / attacked
समभिद्रुतम्:
Karma
TypeKridanta
Rootसम्-अभि-द्रु (धातु)
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular, क्त (past passive participle)
परैःby the enemies
परैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootपर
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
द्रुपद-सुत-मुखैःby those headed by Drupada's sons
द्रुपद-सुत-मुखैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootद्रुपद-सुत-मुख
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
तदाthen
तदा:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतदा
अभवत्there was / occurred
अभवत्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootभू (धातु)
FormImperfect (Laṅ), 3rd, Singular
पुरुष-रथ-अश्व-गज-क्षयःdestruction of men, chariots, horses, and elephants
पुरुष-रथ-अश्व-गज-क्षयः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपुरुष-रथ-अश्व-गज-क्षय
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
महान्great
महान्:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootमहत्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
D
Dhṛtarāṣṭra (implied by 'bhavat')
D
Drupada
S
sons of Drupada (Drupada-suta; e.g., Dhṛṣṭadyumna, Śikhaṇḍin, etc.)
A
army/force (bala)
C
chariots (ratha)
H
horses (aśva)
E
elephants (gaja)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights the ethical cost of war: when armies collide, the scale of destruction becomes indiscriminate—men and the very instruments of power (chariots, horses, elephants) are consumed. It implicitly warns that political ambition and enmity, once unleashed, generate suffering beyond any single warrior’s intent.

Sañjaya reports to Dhṛtarāṣṭra that the Kaurava host, vast like the sea, charges, but the opposing side rushes in even faster. With Drupada’s sons leading, a fierce clash ensues, resulting in massive losses of soldiers and war-assets—chariots, horses, and elephants.