Shloka 4

कर्णसेनापत्यारम्भः — Karṇa’s Appointment and the Report to Dhṛtarāṣṭra

Chapter 1

Devanagari script

ते वेश्मस्वपि कौरव्य पृथ्वीशा नाप्लुवन्‌ सुखम्‌ । चिन्तयन्त: क्षयं तीव्रं दःखशोकसमन्विता:

Transliteration

te veśmasv api kauravya pṛthvīśā nāpluvan sukham | cintayantaḥ kṣayaṃ tīvraṃ duḥkhaśokasamanvitāḥ ||

Translation

Vaiśampāyana said: O scion of the Kurus, even within their own quarters the kings found no comfort. Remembering the terrible destruction wrought in battle, they were overwhelmed—filled with grief and sorrow.

Word by Word

• ते: they
• ते: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• वेश्मसु: in (their) houses/dwellings
• वेश्मसु: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: वेश्मन्
• Form: Neuter, Locative, Plural

• अपि: even/also
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अपि

• कौरव्य: O Kauravya (descendant of Kuru)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कौरव्य
• Form: Masculine, Vocative, Singular

• पृथ्वीशाः: kings/lords of the earth
• पृथ्वीशाः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: पृथ्वीश
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• न: not
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न

• आप्लुवन्: obtained/reached
• Type: Verb
• Root: आप्लु (धातु)
• Form: Imperfect (Laṅ), 3rd, Plural, Parasmaipada

• सुखम्: happiness/comfort
• सुखम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: सुख
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• चिन्तयन्तः: thinking/pondering
• Type: Verb
• Root: चिन्तयत् (चिन्त् + शप्)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural, Present active participle (Parasmaipada)

• क्षयम्: destruction/ruin
• क्षयम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: क्षय
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• तीव्रम्: severe/intense
• Type: Adjective
• Root: तीव्र
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• दुःखशोकसमन्विताः: endowed with sorrow and grief
• Type: Adjective
• Root: दुःख-शोक-समन्वित
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

Speaker

वैशम्पायन उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Vaiśampāyana
• Kauravya (descendant of Kuru; addressee)
• pṛthvīśāḥ (kings/earth-lords)