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Shloka 45

शैनेयचरितम्

The Exploits of Śaineya/Sātyaki amid Encirclement

धृष्टय्युम्नं तु पाज्चाल्यं क्रूरै: सार्थ प्रभद्रकै: । आवन्त्य: सहसौवीरै: क्रुद्धसरूपमवारयत्‌

dhṛṣṭadyumnaṃ tu pāñcālyaṃ krūraiḥ sārthaṃ prabhadrakaiḥ | āvantyāḥ sahasauvīraiḥ kruddhasarūpam avārayat ||

Sañjaya said: The Pāñcāla prince Dhṛṣṭadyumna was checked and held back by the fierce Prabhadrakas, together with the Avantis and the Sauviras, who confronted him in wrathful array.

धृष्टद्युम्नम्Dhrishtadyumna
धृष्टद्युम्नम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootधृष्टद्युम्न
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
तुbut/indeed
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
पाञ्चाल्यम्the Panchala prince (Panchala-born)
पाञ्चाल्यम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootपाञ्चाल्य
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
क्रूरैःby fierce (warriors)
क्रूरैः:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootक्रूर
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
सार्थम्together/along with
सार्थम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसार्थ
प्रभद्रकैःwith the Prabhadrakas (a troop/warriors)
प्रभद्रकैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootप्रभद्रक
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
आवन्त्यःthe Avantis (men of Avanti)
आवन्त्यः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootआवन्त्य
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
सहwith
सह:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसह
सौवीरैःwith the Sauvīras
सौवीरैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootसौवीर
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
क्रुद्धाःangered
क्रुद्धाः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootक्रुद्ध
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
सरूपम्in proper form / fittingly (as an adverbial accusative)
सरूपम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootसरूप
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
अवारयन्they checked/held back/warded off
अवारयन्:
TypeVerb
Rootवृ (वारयति)
FormImperfect (Laṅ), Third, Plural, Parasmaipada

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
D
Dhṛṣṭadyumna
P
Pāñcāla
P
Prabhadrakas
A
Avanti (Avantis)
S
Sauvīra (Sauviras)

Educational Q&A

Even in a dharmic war narrative, outcomes hinge on disciplined coordination: collective resistance by allied troops can restrain a powerful leader, and wrath (krodha) becomes a driving force that shapes tactical choices and consequences.

Sañjaya reports that Dhṛṣṭadyumna, the Pāñcāla commander, is confronted and held back on the battlefield by fierce Prabhadraka warriors, supported by contingents from Avanti and Sauvīra, who oppose him in an angry, forceful formation.