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Shloka 3

शैनेयचरितम्

The Exploits of Śaineya/Sātyaki amid Encirclement

तद्‌ युद्धमभवत्‌ तीव्र तुमुलं लोमहर्षणम्‌ । कुरूणां पाण्डवानां च व्यूहस्य पुरतो5द्भधुतम्‌,व्यूहके द्वारपर होनेवाला कौरवों तथा पाण्डवोंका वह अद्भुत युद्ध अत्यन्त तीव्र एवं भयंकर था। उसे देखकर लोगोंके रोंगटे खड़े हो जाते थे

tad yuddham abhavat tīvraṃ tumulaṃ lomaharṣaṇam | kurūṇāṃ pāṇḍavānāṃ ca vyūhasya purato 'dbhūtam ||

Sañjaya said: Then that combat grew fierce and tumultuous, hair-raising to behold. Before the battle-array, the extraordinary fight between the Kurus and the Pāṇḍavas was so dreadful and astonishing that it made the onlookers’ hair stand on end.

तत्that
तत्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formneuter, nominative, singular
युद्धम्battle
युद्धम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootयुद्ध (प्रातिपदिक)
Formneuter, nominative, singular
अभवत्was/became
अभवत्:
TypeVerb
Rootभू (धातु)
Formimperfect (लङ्), 3rd, singular
तीव्रम्intense
तीव्रम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootतीव्र (प्रातिपदिक)
Formneuter, nominative, singular
तुमुलम्tumultuous
तुमुलम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootतुमुल (प्रातिपदिक)
Formneuter, nominative, singular
लोमहर्षणम्hair-raising, causing horripilation
लोमहर्षणम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootलोमहर्षण (प्रातिपदिक)
Formneuter, nominative, singular
कुरूणाम्of the Kurus
कुरूणाम्:
TypeNoun
Rootकुरु (प्रातिपदिक)
Formmasculine, genitive, plural
पाण्डवानाम्of the Pandavas
पाण्डवानाम्:
TypeNoun
Rootपाण्डव (प्रातिपदिक)
Formmasculine, genitive, plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
व्यूहस्यof the battle-array/formation
व्यूहस्य:
TypeNoun
Rootव्यूह (प्रातिपदिक)
Formmasculine, genitive, singular
पुरतःin front, at the fore
पुरतः:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपुरतः (अव्यय)
अद्भुतम्wonderful, extraordinary
अद्भुतम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootअद्भुत (प्रातिपदिक)
Formneuter, nominative, singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
K
Kurūḥ (Kurus/Kauravas)
P
Pāṇḍavāḥ (Pandavas)
V
vyūha (battle formation)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights the paradox of dharma-yuddha: even when war is undertaken as a perceived duty, its lived reality is terrifying and morally heavy, evoking awe and dread rather than triumph.

Sañjaya reports that an extraordinarily intense and chaotic clash erupts between the Kaurava and Pāṇḍava forces at the forefront of the battle formation, so fearsome that it shocks observers.