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Shloka 1

अध्याय ९१ — शैनेयस्य गजानीकभेदनं जलसंधवधश्च

Chapter 91: Sātyaki breaks the elephant array and slays Jalasaṃdha

(दाक्षिणात्य अधिक पाठका १ श्लोक मिलाकर कुल ३० “लोक हैं।) ऑपन-माज बछ। अति ऋाण एकोननवतितमो<ध्याय: अर्जुनके द्वारा दुर्मरषणकी गजसेनाका संहार और समस्त सैनिकोंका पलायन अजुन उवाच चोदयाश्वान्‌ हृषीकेश यत्र दुर्मर्षण: स्थित: । एतदू भित्त्वा गजानीकं प्रवेक्ष्याम्यरिवाहिनीम्‌

arjuna uvāca

codayāśvān hṛṣīkeśa yatra durmarṣaṇaḥ sthitaḥ |

etad bhittvā gajāṇīkaṁ pravekṣyāmy arivāhinīm ||

Arjuna said: “Urge on the horses, O Hṛṣīkeśa (Kṛṣṇa), to where Durmarṣaṇa is stationed. Having broken through this elephant-corps, I shall enter the enemy host.”

अर्जुनःArjuna
अर्जुनः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअर्जुन
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPerfect, 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
चोदयurge, drive (on)
चोदय:
TypeVerb
Rootचुद्
FormImperative, 2nd, Singular, Parasmaipada
अश्वान्horses
अश्वान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअश्व
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
हृषीकेशO Hrishikesha (Krishna)
हृषीकेश:
Sampradana
TypeNoun
Rootहृषीकेश
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
यत्रwhere
यत्र:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयत्र
दुर्मर्षणःDurmarshana
दुर्मर्षणः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootदुर्मर्षण
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
स्थितःstanding, stationed
स्थितः:
TypeVerb
Rootस्था
Formक्त, Masculine, Nominative, Singular
एतत्this
एतत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
उद्भित्त्वाhaving broken through
उद्भित्त्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootउद्-भिद्
Formक्त्वा, Parasmaipada (absolutive)
गज-अनीकम्elephant-corps, elephant-division
गज-अनीकम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootगज + अनीक
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
प्रवेक्ष्यामिI shall enter
प्रवेक्ष्यामि:
TypeVerb
Rootप्र-विश्
FormSimple Future (Luṭ), 1st, Singular, Parasmaipada
अरि-वाहिनीम्the enemy army
अरि-वाहिनीम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअरि + वाहिनी
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular

अजुन उवाच

A
Arjuna
H
Hṛṣīkeśa (Kṛṣṇa)
D
Durmarṣaṇa
H
horses
E
elephant-corps (gajāṇīka)
E
enemy host/army (arivāhinī)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights steadfast performance of duty under pressure: Arjuna commits to decisive action in battle, trusting his charioteer-guide (Kṛṣṇa) and focusing on a clear objective. It reflects the epic’s emphasis on disciplined resolve aligned with one’s role (kṣatriya-dharma).

Arjuna instructs Kṛṣṇa to drive the chariot toward the position of the Kaurava warrior Durmarṣaṇa. He declares his intent to smash through the enemy elephant formation and penetrate deeper into the opposing army to engage the foe directly.