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Shloka 20

द्रोणपर्व — अध्याय ९०: हार्दिक्यस्य पराक्रमः

Kṛtavarmā’s Stand against the Pāṇḍavas

सो5ग्रानीकस्य महत इषुपाते धनंजय: । व्यवस्थाप्य रथं राजन्‌ शड्खं दध्मौ प्रतापवान्‌,राजन! प्रतापी अर्जुनने अपने सामने खड़ी हुई विशाल शत्रुसेनाके सम्मुख, जितनी दूरसे बाण मारा जा सके उतनी ही दूरीपर अपने रथको खड़ा करके शंख बजाया

so 'grānīkasya mahata iṣupāte dhanañjayaḥ | vyavasthāpya rathaṃ rājan śaṅkhaṃ dadhmau pratāpavān ||

Sañjaya said: O King, the mighty Dhanañjaya (Arjuna), having stationed his chariot at bowshot range before the vast vanguard of the enemy host, blew his conch—an unmistakable sign of resolute challenge and disciplined readiness.

he
:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अग्रानीकस्यof the vanguard/front line
अग्रानीकस्य:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootअग्रानीक
FormNeuter, Genitive, Singular
महतःof the great/huge
महतः:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootमहत्
FormNeuter, Genitive, Singular
इषुपातेwithin arrow-range; at shooting distance
इषुपाते:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootइषुपात
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
धनंजयःDhanañjaya (Arjuna)
धनंजयः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootधनंजय
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
व्यवस्थाप्यhaving positioned/placed
व्यवस्थाप्य:
Karma
TypeVerb
Rootस्था (धातु)
Formल्यप् (absolutive/gerund), वि + अव, Parasmaipada (usage as gerund), having positioned/placed
रथम्chariot
रथम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootरथ
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
राजन्O king
राजन्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
शङ्खम्conch
शङ्खम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootशङ्ख
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
दध्मौblew
दध्मौ:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootध्मा (धातु)
Formलिट् (perfect), Parasmaipada, Third, Singular
प्रतापवान्mighty; valorous
प्रतापवान्:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootप्रतापवत्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
D
Dhṛtarāṣṭra (implied by 'rājan')
A
Arjuna (Dhanañjaya)
R
ratha (chariot)
Ś
śaṅkha (conch)
E
enemy vanguard/army (agrānīka)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights disciplined courage in dharmic warfare: Arjuna does not rush blindly but takes a measured position (within effective range) and signals unwavering resolve by blowing the conch—an ethical posture of preparedness, leadership, and steadiness under pressure.

Sañjaya reports to the king that Arjuna brings his chariot to a tactically chosen distance—within arrow range—facing the enemy’s large forward formation, and then blows his conch to announce engagement and rally confidence.