Shloka 10

उग्रधन्वा महेष्वासो दिव्यं विस्फारयन्‌ धनु: । अग्रेभवं त्वां तु दृष्टवा नार्जुन: प्रहरिष्यति,आपको अग्रगामी सेनापतिके रूपमें देखकर भयंकर धनुष धारण करनेवाले महाधनुर्धर अर्जुन अपने दिव्य धनुषकी टंकार फैलाते हुए भी प्रहार नहीं करेंगे

ugradhanvā maheṣvāso divyaṃ visphārayan dhanuḥ | agre bhavaṃ tvāṃ tu dṛṣṭvā nārjunaḥ prahariṣyati ||

Duryodhana said: “Arjuna—fierce with his bow, a great archer—may be making his divine bow resound; yet on seeing you standing in front as the leading commander, he will not strike.”

उग्रधन्वाhaving a fierce bow
उग्रधन्वा:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootउग्रधन्वन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
महेष्वासःgreat archer
महेष्वासः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootमहेष्वास
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
दिव्यम्divine
दिव्यम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootदिव्य
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
विस्फारयन्twanging/causing to resound (while stretching)
विस्फारयन्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootविस्फारय् (वि+स्फारय्)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
धनुःbow
धनुः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootधनुस्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
अग्रेin front/ahead
अग्रे:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअग्र
Formtrue
भवम्you (honorific) (acc.)
भवम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootभवत्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
त्वाम्you (acc.)
त्वाम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
Form—, Accusative, Singular
तुbut/indeed
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
Formtrue
दृष्ट्वाhaving seen
दृष्ट्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootदृश्
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund)
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
Formtrue
अर्जुनःArjuna
अर्जुनः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअर्जुन
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
प्रहरिष्यतिwill strike/attack
प्रहरिष्यति:
TypeVerb
Rootप्र+हृ (प्रहर्)
FormSimple Future (लृट्), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada

दुर्योधन उवाच

D
Duryodhana
A
Arjuna
D
divine bow (Arjuna's bow)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights how war is fought not only with weapons but also with morale and perception: Duryodhana attempts to project confidence and intimidate by claiming that even Arjuna’s famed prowess will falter before a strong, forward-positioned commander. Ethically, it reflects the tension between truthful assessment and manipulative rhetoric in a dharmic conflict.

In the Drona Parva, Duryodhana addresses his commander, praising and positioning him as the foremost leader. He asserts that Arjuna, though sounding his divine bow, will hesitate to attack upon seeing this commander at the front—an attempt to bolster his side’s confidence and frame the coming engagement.