Shloka 413

Devanagari script

अभिनच्च पदात्योघांस्त्वदीयानेव सर्वश: । इस प्रकार अर्जुनकुमार अभिमन्युने रणक्षेत्रमें शत्रुओंके लिये असहा पराक्रम करके आपके पैदल योद्धाओंके समूहोंका सभी प्रकारसे विनाश आरम्भ किया

Transliteration

abhinac ca padātyaoghāṁs tvadīyān eva sarvaśaḥ |

Translation

Sañjaya said: Abhimanyu, Arjuna’s son, displaying an irresistible prowess on the battlefield, began to destroy in every way the massed ranks of your infantry. The verse underscores the ethical tension of war: valor and duty in combat are praised, yet the narration also highlights the tragic cost borne by ordinary foot-soldiers swept up in the clash of rival causes.

Word by Word

• अभिनत्: he roared/raised a battle-cry
• अभिनत्: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: अभि-नद्
• Form: Aorist (luṅ), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada

• पदाति-ओघान्: masses/streams of foot-soldiers
• पदाति-ओघान्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: पदाति + ओघ
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Plural

• त्वदीयान्: your (belonging to you)
• त्वदीयान्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: त्वदीय
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Plural

• एव: indeed/just
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एव

• सर्वशः: in every way, wholly
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: सर्वशः

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sañjaya
• Abhimanyu
• Arjuna
• Kaurava infantry (tvadīyāḥ padātayaḥ)
• battlefield (raṇakṣetra, implied by context)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse highlights kṣatriya-duty expressed as fearless martial effort, while implicitly reminding the listener of war’s moral weight: heroic excellence can coexist with widespread suffering, especially among common soldiers.

What is happening in the narrative?

Sañjaya reports to Dhṛtarāṣṭra that Abhimanyu, Arjuna’s son, has begun cutting down the Kaurava foot-soldiers in large numbers, breaking through their infantry formations with overwhelming force.