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Shloka 1

अभिमन्यु-परिवेष्टनम्

Encirclement and Counterassault of Abhimanyu

अड--#क+ षट्त्रिशो5ध्याय: अभिमन्युका उत्साह तथा उसके द्वारा कौरवोंकी चतुरंगिणी सेनाका संहार संजय उवाच सौभद्रस्तद्‌ वच: श्रुत्वा धर्मराजस्य धीमत: । अचोदयत यन्तारं द्रोणानीकाय भारत,संजय कहते हैं--भारत! बुद्धिमान्‌ युधिष्ठिरका पूर्वोक्त वचन सुनकर सुभद्राकुमार अभिमन्युने अपने सारथि-को द्रोणाचार्यकी सेनाकी ओर चलनेका आदेश दिया

sañjaya uvāca | saubhadras tad vacaḥ śrutvā dharmarājasya dhīmataḥ | acodayad yantāraṃ droṇānīkāya bhārata ||

Sanjaya said: O Bharata, having heard the earlier words of the wise Dharmarāja (Yudhiṣṭhira), Abhimanyu, the son of Subhadrā, urged his charioteer to drive toward Droṇa’s battle-array. Thus, with dutiful resolve and youthful ardor, he turns from counsel to action, choosing to meet the teacher’s forces in the thick of war.

सौभद्रःthe son of Subhadrā (Abhimanyu)
सौभद्रः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसौभद्र
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तत्that
तत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
वचःspeech, words
वचः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootवचस्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
श्रुत्वाhaving heard
श्रुत्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootश्रु
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage-neutral here), Non-finite
धर्मराजस्यof Dharmarāja (Yudhiṣṭhira)
धर्मराजस्य:
TypeNoun
Rootधर्मराज
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
धीमतःof the wise
धीमतः:
TypeAdjective
Rootधीमत्
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
अचोदयत्urged, prompted, ordered
अचोदयत्:
TypeVerb
Rootचुद्
FormImperfect (लङ्), Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
यन्तारम्the charioteer
यन्तारम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootयन्तृ
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
द्रोण-अनीकायtowards/for the army of Droṇa
द्रोण-अनीकाय:
Sampradana
TypeNoun
Rootद्रोण-अनीक
FormNeuter, Dative, Singular
भारतO Bhārata
भारत:
TypeNoun
Rootभारत
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sanjaya
A
Abhimanyu
S
Subhadra
D
Dharmaraja (Yudhishthira)
D
Drona
C
charioteer (yantā)
D
Droṇa’s army/formation (Droṇānīka)
B
Bharata (address to Dhritarashtra)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights dharmic responsiveness: after hearing the wise king’s guidance, Abhimanyu acts decisively. It frames ethical action in war as disciplined duty—listening to rightful counsel and then committing oneself to the chosen responsibility without hesitation.

Sanjaya reports to Dhritarashtra that Abhimanyu, encouraged by Yudhishthira’s words, commands his charioteer to drive toward Droṇa’s forces, signaling the start of his forward assault against the Kaurava host under Droṇa’s command.