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Shloka 16

अध्याय ३१ — द्रोणानीके तुमुलसंग्रामः

The Tumultuous Battle around Droṇa’s Formation

समासाद्य तु पाण्डूनामनीकानि सहस्रश: । द्रोणेन चरता संख्ये प्रभग्नानि शितै: शरै:,रणभूमिमें विचरते हुए द्रोणाचार्यने पाण्डव-सेनामें प्रवेश करके अपने तीखे बाणोंद्वारा सहस्रों सैनिकोंके पाँव उखाड़ दिये

samāsādya tu pāṇḍūnām anīkāni sahasraśaḥ | droṇena caratā saṅkhye prabhagnāni śitaiḥ śaraiḥ ||

Sañjaya said: Roaming across the battlefield, Droṇa pressed into the Pāṇḍavas’ battle-formations and, with his razor-sharp arrows, shattered them—breaking apart thousands of their ranks.

समासाद्यhaving approached / having entered upon
समासाद्य:
Karma
TypeVerb
Rootसम्-आ-√सद्
Formल्यप् (क्त्वा-प्रत्ययार्थक अव्ययभाव), कर्तरि, पूर्वकाल (absolutive)
तुbut / indeed
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
पाण्डूनाम्of the Pāṇḍus / of the Pāṇḍavas
पाण्डूनाम्:
TypeNoun
Rootपाण्डु
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
अनीकानिarmies / divisions (of troops)
अनीकानि:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअनीक
FormNeuter, Accusative, Plural
सहस्रशःby thousands / in thousands
सहस्रशः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसहस्रशस्
द्रोणेनby Droṇa
द्रोणेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootद्रोण
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
चरताmoving about / roaming
चरता:
Karana
TypeVerb
Root√चर्
Formशतृ (वर्तमान कृदन्त), Masculine, Instrumental, Singular
संख्येin battle
संख्ये:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootसंख्या
FormFeminine, Locative, Singular
प्रभग्नानिbroken / routed / shattered
प्रभग्नानि:
TypeVerb
Rootप्र-√भञ्ज्
Formक्त (भूतकर्मणि/भूतकृत), Neuter, Nominative, Plural
शितैःwith sharp
शितैः:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootशित
FormMasculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Plural
शरैःarrows
शरैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootशर
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
D
Droṇa (Droṇācārya)
P
Pāṇḍavas
A
anīka (battle-formations/army divisions)
Ś
śara (arrows)
R
raṇabhūmi (battlefield)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights the ethical tension of dharma in wartime: extraordinary skill and adherence to a warrior’s role can still result in massive destruction, reminding the listener that victory achieved through violence carries profound human cost.

Sañjaya reports that Droṇa moves through the battlefield, penetrates the Pāṇḍavas’ formations, and with sharp arrows breaks and routs their divisions in great numbers.