Shloka 52

क्रौज्चवद्‌ विनदन्तो<5न्ये नाराचाभिहता गजा: । परान्‌ स्वांश्वापि मृद्नन्तः परिपेतुर्दिशो दश

krauñcavad vinadanto 'nye nārācābhihatā gajāḥ | parān svānś cāpi mṛdnantaḥ paripetur diśo daśa ||

Sañjaya said: Other elephants, struck by iron nārāca arrows, cried out like krauñca birds. In their frenzy they trampled both foes and their own, then scattered and fled in all ten directions.

क्रौञ्चवत्like cranes
क्रौञ्चवत्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootक्रौञ्च
FormAvyaya (vat-pratyaya: 'like/as')
विनदन्तःroaring/crying out
विनदन्तः:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootनद्
FormPresent active participle (शतृ), masculine nominative plural
अन्येothers
अन्ये:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootअन्य
FormMasculine nominative plural
नाराचाभिहताःstruck by iron arrows
नाराचाभिहताः:
TypeAdjective
Rootनाराच-अभिहत
FormMasculine nominative plural (past passive participle: अभि-हन्)
गजाःelephants
गजाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootगज
FormMasculine nominative plural
परान्enemies/others
परान्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootपर
FormMasculine accusative plural
स्वान्their own (men)
स्वान्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootस्व
FormMasculine accusative plural
अश्वान्horses
अश्वान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअश्व
FormMasculine accusative plural
अपिalso/even
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
FormAvyaya
मृद्नन्तःcrushing/trampling
मृद्नन्तः:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootमृद्
FormPresent active participle (शतृ), masculine nominative plural
परिपेतुःfell down all around
परिपेतुः:
TypeVerb
Rootपरि-पत्
FormPerfect (लिट्), 3rd person plural, parasmaipada
दिशःdirections
दिशः:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootदिश्
FormFeminine accusative plural
दशten
दश:
TypeNumeral
Rootदश
FormIndeclinable numeral (used with plural noun)

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
G
gajāḥ (war-elephants)
N
nārāca (iron arrows)
K
krauñca (crane bird)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights the moral and practical truth that war unleashes uncontrolled fear and pain: once wounded and panicked, even powerful beings like elephants lose discrimination and end up harming both sides, illustrating the indiscriminate fallout of violence.

During the battle, some elephants are hit by nārāca arrows. They cry out loudly like krauñca birds and, in their panic, trample enemies and allies alike before scattering in all directions.