Shloka 44

यदा गत॑ वयो भूय: शिष्टमल्पतरं च नः । तस्येदानीं विकारो5यमधर्मोडयं कृतो महान्‌,अब हमलोगोंकी आयुका अधिकांश भाग बीत चुका है और बहुत थोड़ा ही शेष रह गया है। इसीसे इस समय हमारा मस्तिष्क खराब हो गया और हमलोगोंने यह महान्‌ पाप कर डाला है

yadā gataṁ vayo bhūyaḥ śiṣṭam alpataram ca naḥ | tasyedānīṁ vikāro 'yam adharmo 'yaṁ kṛto mahān ||

Now that most of our lifetime has already passed and only a little remains, our judgment has become distorted. Because of that failing, we have committed this great act of adharma—a grave sin—at this time.

यदाwhen
यदा:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयदा
गतम्gone, passed
गतम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootगम् (गत)
Formneuter, nominative, singular
वयःage, lifetime
वयः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootवयस्
Formneuter, nominative, singular
भूयःmostly, for the most part; again
भूयः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootभूयस्
शिष्टम्remaining
शिष्टम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootशिष् (शिष्ट)
Formneuter, nominative, singular
अल्पतरम्very little, smaller
अल्पतरम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootअल्प (अल्पतर)
Formneuter, nominative, singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
नःof us, our
नः:
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
Formgenitive, plural
तस्यof that; therefore
तस्य:
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
Formgenitive, singular
इदानीम्now, at this time
इदानीम्:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइदानीम्
विकारःdisturbance, derangement
विकारः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootविकार
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
अयम्this
अयम्:
TypePronoun
Rootइदम्
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
अधर्मःunrighteousness, sin
अधर्मः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअधर्म
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
अयम्this
अयम्:
TypePronoun
Rootइदम्
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
कृतःdone, committed
कृतः:
TypeVerb
Rootकृ (कृत)
Formmasculine, nominative, singular, passive (PPP used predicatively)
महान्great
महान्:
TypeAdjective
Rootमहत्
Formmasculine, nominative, singular

अजुन उवाच

A
Arjuna (speaker)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights moral accountability: when judgment becomes clouded—whether by age, fatigue, grief, or circumstance—one may slip into adharma; recognizing this distortion and naming the wrongdoing is the first step toward ethical correction.

Arjuna speaks in a reflective, remorseful tone, attributing a present moral lapse to a disturbed state of mind and the sense that life is already mostly spent, thus acknowledging that a serious unrighteous act has been committed.