Shloka 3
Devanagari script
तमधर्मेण धर्मिष्ठं धृष्टद्युम्नेन संयुगे । श्रुत्वा निहतमाचार्य सो<श्व॒त्थामा किमब्रवीत्,जिनमें मानव, वारुण, आग्नेय, ब्राह्म, ऐन्द्र और नारायण नामक अस्त्र सदा प्रतिष्ठित थे, उन धर्मात्मा आचार्यको धृष्टद्युम्नद्वारा अधर्मपूर्वक युद्धमें मारा गया सुनकर पराक्रमी अश्वृत्थामाने क्या कहा?
Transliteration
tam adharmeṇa dharmiṣṭhaṃ dhṛṣṭadyumnena saṃyuge | śrutvā nihatam ācāryaṃ so 'śvatthāmā kim abravīt ||
Translation
Dhṛtarāṣṭra said: “Having heard that the teacher—most steadfast in dharma—had been slain in battle by Dhṛṣṭadyumna through an unrighteous act, what did the valiant Aśvatthāmā say?”
Word by Word
तम्him
तम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
अधर्मेणby unrighteousness / unlawfully
अधर्मेण:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootअधर्म
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
धर्मिष्ठम्most righteous
धर्मिष्ठम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootधर्मिष्ठ
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
धृष्टद्युम्नेनby Dhrishtadyumna
धृष्टद्युम्नेन:
Karana
TypeProperNoun
Rootधृष्टद्युम्न
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
संयुगेin battle
संयुगे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootसंयुग
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
श्रुत्वाhaving heard
श्रुत्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootश्रु
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage-neutral)
निहतम्slain
निहतम्:
TypeVerb
Rootनि-हन्
Formक्त (past passive participle), Masculine, Accusative, Singular
आचार्यम्the teacher (Drona)
आचार्यम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootआचार्य
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
सःhe
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अश्वत्थामाAshvatthama
अश्वत्थामा:
Karta
TypeProperNoun
Rootअश्वत्थामन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
किम्what
किम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootकिम्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
अब्रवीत्said / spoke
अब्रवीत्:
TypeVerb
Rootब्रू
FormImperfect (लङ्), Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
Speaker
धृतराष्ट उवाच
Characters & Entities
D
DhṛtarāṣṭraD
DhṛṣṭadyumnaD
Droṇācārya (Ācārya)A
AśvatthāmāS
Saṃyuga (battlefield context)Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Geographic Context
Sandhi Notes