Shloka 47

Devanagari script

सशरं तद्‌ धनुर्घोरें संन्यस्याथ रथे ततः । खड्गी रथादवप्लुत्य सहसा द्रोणमभ्ययात्‌,उनपर प्रहार करनेका वह अच्छा अवसर हाथ लगा जान प्रतापी धृष्टद्युम्मन बाणसहित अपने भयंकर धनुषको रथपर ही रखकर तलवार हाथमें ले उस रथसे उछलकर सहसा द्रोणाचार्यके पास जा पहुँचा

Transliteration

saśaraṃ tad dhanuḥ ghoraṃ saṃnyasyātha rathe tataḥ | khaḍgī rathād avaplutya sahasā droṇam abhyayāt ||

Translation

Sañjaya said: Seizing what he judged to be the fitting moment to strike, the valiant Dhṛṣṭadyumna set down his fearsome bow—still with arrows—upon the chariot. Sword in hand, he leapt down from the chariot and rushed straight at Droṇācārya.

Word by Word

• सशरम्: together with arrows
• सशरम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: स-शर
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• तत्: that
• तत्: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• धनुः: bow
• धनुः: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: धनुस्
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• घोरम्: terrible
• घोरम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: घोर
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• संन्यस्य: having laid down/placed
• Type: Verb
• Root: सम्-नि-√अस् (न्यास)
• Form: क्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage as indeclinable gerund)

• अथ: then
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अथ

• रथे: on/in the chariot
• रथे: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: रथ
• Form: Masculine, Locative, Singular

• ततः: thereupon/from there
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ततः

• खड्गी: sword-bearing (one with a sword)
• खड्गी: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: खड्गिन्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• रथात्: from the chariot
• रथात्: Apadana
• Type: Noun
• Root: रथ
• Form: Masculine, Ablative, Singular

• अवप्लुत्य: having leapt down
• Type: Verb
• Root: अव-√प्लु (प्लवन)
• Form: क्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage as indeclinable gerund)

• सहसा: suddenly/with force
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: सहसा

• द्रोणम्: Drona
• द्रोणम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: द्रोण
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• अभ्ययात्: went up to/approached
• Type: Verb
• Root: अभि-√या
• Form: Imperfect (लङ्), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sañjaya
• Dhṛṣṭadyumna
• Droṇācārya (Droṇa)
• chariot (ratha)
• bow (dhanuḥ)
• arrows (śara)
• sword (khaḍga)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse highlights how, in war, a warrior may abandon distance-weapons and choose direct confrontation when an opening appears. Ethically, it reflects the tension between strategic necessity and the gravity of attacking a revered teacher-figure, showing how battlefield dharma can press individuals toward decisive, even harsh, action.

What is happening in the narrative?

Dhṛṣṭadyumna perceives a favorable chance to strike Droṇa. He sets his bow with arrows on the chariot, takes up a sword, jumps down from the chariot, and rushes at Droṇācārya.