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Shloka 1

- ट्रुपदकुलमें उत्पन्न होनेके कारण धुृष्टद्युम्नका क्षत्रिय होना तो प्रसिद्ध ही है। परंतु याज और उपयाज नामक दो तपस्वी ब्राह्मणोंकी तपस्यासे उनकी उत्पत्ति हुई थी तथा परमेश्वरके मुखसे प्रकट हुए ब्राह्मणस्वरूप अग्निसे उनका प्रादुर्भाव हुआ था। इससे उनमें ब्राह्मणत्व भी था। सप्ताशीर्त्याधिकशततमोब< ध्याय: युद्धस्थलकी भीषण अवस्थाका वर्णन और नकुलके द्वारा दुर्योधनकी पराजय संजय उवाच ते तथैव महाराज दंशिता रणमूर्थनि । संध्यागतं सहस्रांशुमादित्यमुपतस्थिरे,संजय कहते हैं--महाराज! वे समस्त योद्धा पूर्ववत्‌ कवच बाँधे हुए ही युद्धके मुहानेपर प्रात:-संध्याके समय सहस््रों किरणोंसे सुशोभित भगवान्‌ सूर्यका उपस्थान करने लगे

sañjaya uvāca | te tathaiva mahārāja daṃśitā raṇamūrdhani | sandhyāgataṃ sahasrāṃśum ādityam upatasthire ||

Sañjaya said: O King, those warriors, just as before, still clad in their armor at the very forefront of battle, performed their reverent attendance upon Āditya—the thousand-rayed Sun—at the time of the morning twilight. Even amid the imminence of slaughter, they observed the rite of sandhyā, revealing how duty and discipline were maintained in the midst of war.

संजयःSanjaya
संजयः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसंजय
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPerfect, 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
तेthey
ते:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
तथाthus, in that manner
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
एवindeed, just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
महाराजO great king
महाराज:
TypeNoun
Rootमहाराज
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
दंशिताःarmoured, equipped (with armour)
दंशिताः:
TypeAdjective
Rootदंशित
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
रणमूर्धनिon the forefront/head of battle
रणमूर्धनि:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootरणमूर्धन्
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
सन्ध्यागतम्arrived at twilight (at dawn/dusk)
सन्ध्यागतम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootसन्ध्यागत
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
सहस्रांशुम्the thousand-rayed one (Sun)
सहस्रांशुम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसहस्रांशु
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
आदित्यम्Āditya, the Sun
आदित्यम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootआदित्य
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
उपतस्थिरेthey attended upon / worshipped
उपतस्थिरे:
TypeVerb
Rootउप-स्था
FormPerfect, 3rd, Plural, Atmanepada

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
D
Dhṛtarāṣṭra (Mahārāja)
Ā
Āditya (Sun deity)
W
warriors (collective combatants)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights steadfastness in dharma: even in the extremity of war, the warriors maintain disciplined observance of sandhyā and reverence for the Sun, suggesting that ethical-religious duty is not to be abandoned under pressure.

At the break of day on the battlefield, the assembled fighters—still armored and positioned at the battle’s front—perform the morning sandhyā by paying homage to the thousand-rayed Sun (Āditya), before resuming combat.