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Mahabharata 7.186.55Drona Parva, Adhyaya 186, Shloka 55

यथा चन्द्रोदयोद्धूत: क्षुभितः सागरो5भवत्‌ | तथा चन्द्रोदयोद्धूत: स बभूव बलार्णव:

sañjaya uvāca | yathā candrodayoddhūtaḥ kṣubhitaḥ sāgaro 'bhavat | tathā candrodayoddhūtaḥ sa babhūva balārṇavaḥ |

Sañjaya said: “Just as the ocean, stirred by the rising of the moon, swells into agitation, so too, at that moment, the vast ocean of armies—roused as though by moonrise—was thrown into tumult.”

यथाjust as
यथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथा
Formindeclinable (comparative particle)
चन्द्र-उदय-उद्धूतःstirred up by the moonrise
चन्द्र-उदय-उद्धूतः:
TypeAdjective
Rootचन्द्र + उदय + उद्धूत
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
क्षुभितःagitated, churned
क्षुभितः:
TypeAdjective
Rootक्षुभित (from √क्षुभ्)
Formmasculine, nominative, singular (past passive participle)
सागरःocean
सागरः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसागर
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
अभवत्became
अभवत्:
TypeVerb
Root√भू
Formimperfect (laṅ), 3rd person, singular, parasmaipada
तथाso, in the same way
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
Formindeclinable (correlative particle)
चन्द्र-उदय-उद्धूतःstirred up by the moonrise
चन्द्र-उदय-उद्धूतः:
TypeAdjective
Rootचन्द्र + उदय + उद्धूत
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
सःthat/it/he
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
बभूवbecame, came to be
बभूव:
TypeVerb
Root√भू
Formperfect (liṭ), 3rd person, singular, parasmaipada
बल-अर्णवःocean of troops (army-ocean)
बल-अर्णवः:
TypeNoun
Rootबल + अर्णव
Formmasculine, nominative, singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sanjaya
T
the moon (candra)
T
the ocean (sāgara)
T
the ocean of armies (balārṇava)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights how external conditions can rapidly inflame collective emotion: like tides responding to the moon, armies can surge into agitation when a triggering sign or moment arrives—an ethical reminder to recognize and govern mass impulse amid war.

Sanjaya describes the battlefield mood: with the moon’s rising, the assembled forces are compared to an ocean whose waters heave under lunar influence, indicating a sudden, widespread stirring and unrest across the host.

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