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Shloka 31

सुभीमनानाविधश्त्रपातै- घटोत्कचेनाभिहतं समन्तात्‌ | दौर्योधनं वै बलमार्तरूप- मावर्तमानं ददृशे भ्रमत्‌ तत्‌,घटोत्कचके द्वारा चलाये हुए अत्यन्त भयंकर एवं नाना प्रकारके अस्त्र-शस्त्रोंके प्रहारसे हताहत हुई दुर्योधनकी सेना आर्त होकर चारों ओर घूमती और चक्कर काटती दिखायी देने लगी

sañjaya uvāca |

subhīmanānāvidhaśastrapātaiḥ ghaṭotkacena abhihataṃ samantāt |

dauryodhanaṃ vai balam ārta-rūpam āvartamānaṃ dadṛśe bhramat tat ||

Sañjaya said: “Struck on every side by the exceedingly dreadful, many kinds of weapon-showers hurled by Ghaṭotkaca, Duryodhana’s host appeared distressed—whirling about, turning back and circling in confusion. The scene reveals how fear and disarray can overtake even a mighty army when violence is unleashed without respite, and how leadership is tested when one’s forces lose steadiness of mind.”

सुभीमनानाविधशस्त्रपातैःby the falls/strikes of very terrible, various weapons
सुभीमनानाविधशस्त्रपातैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootसु-भीम-नाना-विध-शस्त्र-पात
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
घटोत्कचेनby Ghaṭotkaca
घटोत्कचेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootघटोत्कच
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
अभिहतम्struck/smitten
अभिहतम्:
Karma
TypeVerb
Rootअभि-हन्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular, Past passive participle (क्त)
समन्तात्on all sides, from every direction
समन्तात्:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसमन्तात्
दौर्योधनम्belonging to Duryodhana (Duryodhana's)
दौर्योधनम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootदौर्योधन
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
वैindeed
वै:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवै
बलम्army/force
बलम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootबल
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
आर्तरूपम्having a distressed appearance
आर्तरूपम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootआर्त-रूप
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
आवर्तमानम्turning back/whirling about
आवर्तमानम्:
Karma
TypeVerb
Rootआ-वृत्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular, Present active participle (शतृ)
ददृशेwas seen/appeared
ददृशे:
TypeVerb
Rootदृश्
FormPerfect (लिट्), 3rd, Singular, Ātmanepada
भ्रमत्reeling/going in circles
भ्रमत्:
Karma
TypeVerb
Rootभ्रम्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular, Present active participle (शतृ)
तत्that (army/force)
तत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
G
Ghaṭotkaca
D
Duryodhana
D
Duryodhana’s army (Kaurava bala)

Educational Q&A

Even great strength collapses when the mind of an army is seized by fear and disorder; relentless violence produces confusion that tests dharma-based leadership—steadiness, protection of one’s men, and clear judgment become decisive.

Sañjaya reports that Ghaṭotkaca’s terrifying, varied weapon-strikes batter Duryodhana’s forces from all directions, causing the Kaurava host to reel, circle, and lose formation in visible distress.