Shloka 32

तं॑ तु दृष्टवा महाघोरं वर्तमानं महाहवम्‌

taṃ tu dṛṣṭvā mahāghoraṃ vartamānaṃ mahāhavam

Sañjaya said: Having beheld that exceedingly dreadful great battle now unfolding, the observer in the tale perceived the terrifying intensity of the conflict as it surged onward—an arena where courage, duty, and the moral weight of violence press upon all who witness it.

तम्him/that (person)
तम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
तुbut/indeed
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
दृष्ट्वाhaving seen
दृष्ट्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootदृश्
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage-neutral for gerund)
महाघोरम्very terrible
महाघोरम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootमहाघोर
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
वर्तमानम्going on/occurring
वर्तमानम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootवर्तमान
Formशतृ (present active participle), Masculine, Accusative, Singular
महाहवम्great battle
महाहवम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootमहाहव
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
T
the great battle (mahāhava)

Educational Q&A

The verse underscores the moral gravity of war: even when framed as duty, battle is portrayed as 'mahāghora'—deeply dreadful—inviting reflection on the ethical cost of violence and the responsibility of those who choose or witness it.

Sañjaya narrates that the onlooker (contextually, a principal figure observing the field) sees the great battle actively unfolding and recognizes it as intensely terrifying, marking a heightened moment in the Drona Parva war narrative.