Shloka 61

Devanagari script

तं॑ हतं मन्यमाना: सम प्राणदन्‌ कुरुपुड़वा:

Transliteration

taṁ hataṁ manyamānāḥ sama-prāṇadan kurupuṅgavāḥ

Translation

Sañjaya said: Believing him to have been slain, the foremost of the Kurus raised a united cry—an exultant shout.

Word by Word

• तम्: him
• तम्: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• हतम्: slain, killed
• हतम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: हन् (धातु) → हत (कृदन्त)
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• मन्यमानाः: thinking, supposing
• मन्यमानाः: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: मन् (धातु) → मन्यमान (शतृ/वर्तमानकाले कृदन्त)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• सम्: together; completely (as preverb)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: सम्

• प्राणदन्: breathing forth; giving life-breath; reviving
• प्राणदन्: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: प्र + अन् (धातु) → प्राणदत्/प्राणदन् (शतृ-कृदन्त, परस्मैपदी)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• कुरुपुङ्गवाः: the best of the Kurus (Kuru-bulls)
• कुरुपुङ्गवाः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: कुरुपुङ्गव
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sañjaya
• Kuru warriors (Kurupuṅgavas)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse highlights how, in the chaos of battle, belief and rumor can harden into certainty, driving collective reactions. Ethically, it cautions against premature conclusions and the moral blindness that can arise when group emotion overrides careful judgment.

What is happening in the narrative?

Sañjaya reports that the leading Kuru fighters, convinced that a particular opponent had been killed, shouted together in triumph—an immediate battlefield response based on their assumption of the enemy’s death.