Shloka 21

Devanagari script

तेन वित्रास्यमानानि तव सैन्यानि भारत

Transliteration

tena vitrāsyamānāni tava sainyāni bhārata

Translation

Sañjaya said: “O Bhārata (Dhṛtarāṣṭra), because of him, your forces were being thrown into panic.”

Word by Word

• तेन: by him/thereby
• तेन: Karana
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: masculine/neuter, instrumental, singular

• वित्रास्यमानानि: being terrified/frightened
• वित्रास्यमानानि: Karma
• Type: Verb-derived adjective (participle)
• Root: वित्रासय् (वि+त्रस्, causative)
• Form: present passive participle (शानच्), neuter, nominative/accusative, plural

• तव: your
• तव: Sambandha
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: युष्मद्
• Form: —, genitive, singular

• सैन्यानि: armies/troops
• सैन्यानि: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: सैन्य
• Form: neuter, nominative/accusative, plural

• भारत: O Bharata
• भारत: Sambodhana
• Type: Noun (proper/vocative epithet)
• Root: भारत
• Form: masculine, vocative, singular

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sañjaya
• Dhṛtarāṣṭra (addressed as Bhārata)
• Kaurava army (tava sainyāni)