Shloka 43

Śiva’s Battlefield Manifestation and Vyāsa’s Śatarudrīya Exposition (शिवप्रादुर्भावः शतरुद्रीयव्याख्यानम्)

Devanagari script

उत्सृज्य वाहान्‌ समरे चोदयन्तस्तथा परे

Transliteration

utsṛjya vāhān samare codayantastathā pare

Translation

Sañjaya said: In that battle, some abandoned their mounts, while others—on the opposing side as well—kept driving their steeds forward, pressing on amid the chaos of war.

Word by Word

• उत्सृज्य: having abandoned/letting go
• उत्सृज्य: Karma
• Type: Verb
• Root: उत्-√सृज्
• Form: ल्यप् (absolutive/gerund), कर्तरि

• वाहान्: mounts/vehicles (horses, etc.)
• वाहान्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: वाह (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Plural

• समरे: in battle
• समरे: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: समर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Locative, Singular

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• उदयन्तः: urging/driving on
• उदयन्तः: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: उद्-√इ (उदयत्/उदयन्त्)
• Form: शतृ (present active participle), Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• तथा: thus/likewise
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तथा

• परे: the others/opponents
• परे: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: पर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sañjaya
• vāhāḥ (mounts: horses/elephants/chariots)
• samara (battlefield)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse highlights the mixed human responses in war—some lose nerve and abandon their means of fighting, while others persist and press forward. Ethically, it underscores how fear, resolve, and duty manifest differently under extreme pressure.

What is happening in the narrative?

Sañjaya describes the battlefield scene: amid the fighting, certain warriors discard their mounts, whereas others—also among the opposing forces—continue urging their animals onward, intensifying the clash.