Shloka 19

भारत! रणभूमिमें कुपित हुए सात्यकिने आपके महारथी पुत्रकी छातीमें अस्सी सायकोंद्वारा प्रहार किया ।। ततो<स्य वाहान्‌ समरे शरैर्निन्ये यमक्षयम्‌ । सारथिं च रथात्‌ तूर्ण पातयामास पत्रिणा,फिर समरांगणमें अपने बाणोंद्वारा घायल करके उसके घोड़ोंको यमलोक पहुँचा दिया और एक पंखयुक्त बाणसे मारकर उसके सारथिको भी तुरंत ही रथसे नीचे गिरा दिया

tato 'sya vāhān samare śarair ninye yamakṣayam | sārathiṁ ca rathāt tūrṇaṁ pātayāmāsa patriṇā ||

Sañjaya said: Then in that battle Sātyaki struck down his foe’s horses with arrows, sending them to Yama’s abode; and with a swift, feathered shaft he at once felled the charioteer from the chariot.

tataḥthen/thereupon
tataḥ:
TypeIndeclinable
Roottatas
Formavyaya
asyaof him
asya:
Sambandha
TypePronoun
Rootidam
Formmasculine/neuter, genitive, singular
vāhānhorses/steeds
vāhān:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootvāha
Formmasculine, accusative, plural
samarein battle
samare:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootsamara
Formmasculine, locative, singular
śaraiḥwith arrows
śaraiḥ:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootśara
Formmasculine, instrumental, plural
ninyeled/sent
ninye:
TypeVerb
Root
Formperfect (liṭ), 3rd person, singular, parasmaipada
yama-kṣayamto Yama's abode (death)
yama-kṣayam:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootyama-kṣaya
Formmasculine, accusative, singular
sārathimthe charioteer
sārathim:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootsārathi
Formmasculine, accusative, singular
caand
ca:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca
Formavyaya
rathātfrom the chariot
rathāt:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootratha
Formmasculine, ablative, singular
tūrṇamquickly
tūrṇam:
TypeIndeclinable
Roottūrṇa
Formavyaya
pātayāmāsacaused to fall / struck down
pātayāmāsa:
TypeVerb
Rootpat
Formcausative perfect (ṇic + liṭ), 3rd person, singular, parasmaipada
patriṇāwith a feathered (arrow)
patriṇā:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootpatrin
Formmasculine, instrumental, singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
S
Sātyaki
Y
Yama
H
horses (chariot team)
C
charioteer
C
chariot
A
arrows

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights the grim logic of battlefield duty: victory often depends on disabling the enemy’s means of movement and coordination (horses and charioteer). Ethically, it underscores how war compresses moral choice into harsh necessity, repeatedly confronting warriors with death as an ever-present outcome (symbolized by Yama’s abode).

Sātyaki, enraged in the fight, shoots down the opponent’s chariot horses with arrows and then strikes the charioteer with a feathered arrow, causing him to fall from the chariot, thereby crippling the enemy’s chariot unit.