Shloka 2

दुःशासन-सहदेव-संक्षोभः; भीम-राधेय-गदायुद्धम्; द्रोण-पार्थ-अस्त्रसंग्रामः

Duhshasana–Sahadeva Clash; Bhima–Karna Mace Exchange; Drona–Arjuna Astra Duel

Devanagari script

ततो दुर्योधनो राजा भारद्वाजेन संवृतः । अभ्ययात्‌ पाण्डवान्‌ संख्ये ततो युद्धमवर्तत

Transliteration

tato duryodhano rājā bhāradvājena saṁvṛtaḥ | abhyayāt pāṇḍavān saṅkhye tato yuddham avartata ||

Translation

Then King Duryodhana, accompanied and supported by Bhāradvāja (Droṇa), advanced against the Pāṇḍavas on the battlefield; and from that moment the fighting was set in motion. The verse shows how leadership allied with a powerful teacher-warrior escalates conflict, turning intent into open war.

Word by Word

• ततः: then, thereafter
• ततः: Adhikarana
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ततः (तद्-प्रातिपदिकात् अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय (तस्मात्/तदनन्तरम्-अर्थे)

• दुर्योधनः: Duryodhana
• दुर्योधनः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: दुर्योधन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• राजा: the king
• राजा: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: राजन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• भारद्वाजेन: by Bhāradvāja (Droṇa)
• भारद्वाजेन: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: भारद्वाज (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया, एकवचन

• संवृतः: surrounded, accompanied
• संवृतः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सम् + वृ (धातु) → संवृत (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन (भूतकर्मणि/भूतकृत्, क्त)

• अभ्ययात्: approached, advanced toward
• Type: Verb
• Root: अभि + या (धातु)
• Form: लङ् (अनद्यतनभूत), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन, परस्मैपद

• पाण्डवान्: the Pāṇḍavas
• पाण्डवान्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: पाण्डव (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, बहुवचन

• संख्ये: in battle
• संख्ये: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: संख्या (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, सप्तमी, एकवचन

• ततः: then
• ततः: Adhikarana
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ततः (तद्-प्रातिपदिकात् अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय (तदनन्तरम्-अर्थे)

• युद्धम्: battle, fighting
• युद्धम्: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: युद्ध (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• अवर्तत: arose, commenced, took place
• Type: Verb
• Root: वृत् (धातु) (आत्मनेपद) / वर्त् (धातु) → अवर्तत
• Form: लङ् (अनद्यतनभूत), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन, आत्मनेपद

Speaker

संयज उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Duryodhana
• Bhāradvāja (Droṇa)
• Pāṇḍavas
• battlefield (saṅkhya)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse highlights how decisive action by a ruler, especially when backed by a formidable mentor-warrior, can rapidly transform tension into full-scale war—emphasizing ethical responsibility in leadership and the consequences of choosing confrontation.

What is happening in the narrative?

Duryodhana, with Droṇa (called Bhāradvāja) at his side, moves to engage the Pāṇḍavas in battle; this advance triggers the outbreak or intensification of fighting.