Shloka 78

यावन्न: पश्यमानानां प्राणान्‌ पार्थेन संगतः । न जह्दात्‌ पुरुषव्याप्रस्तावदू वारय कौरवम्‌,“यह पुरुषसिंह नरेश अर्जुनसे भिड़कर हमारे देखते-देखते जबतक अपने प्राणोंको त्याग न दे, उसके पहले ही तुम जाकर उस कुरुवंशी राजाको रोको

sañjaya uvāca |

yāvan naḥ paśyamānānāṃ prāṇān pārthena saṅgataḥ |

na jahyāt puruṣavyāghras tāvad ū vāraya kauravam ||

Sañjaya said: “Before that tiger among men—having engaged with Pārtha—casts away his life right before our eyes, go at once and restrain that Kaurava king. Do not let him rush into a fatal encounter.”

यावत्until; as long as
यावत्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयावत्
Formcorrelative adverb (yāvat = as long as / until)
नःof us / our
नः:
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
Formgenitive plural (enclitic)
पश्यमानानाम्while (we are) seeing; of (us) watching
पश्यमानानाम्:
TypeVerb
Rootपश्यत् (√दृश्)
Formpresent active participle, genitive plural (masc./neut.); agreeing with नः
प्राणान्life-breaths; life
प्राणान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootप्राण
Formmasculine, accusative plural
पार्थेनby/with Pārtha (Arjuna)
पार्थेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootपार्थ
Formmasculine, instrumental singular
संगतःhaving met/engaged (in combat)
संगतः:
TypeVerb
Rootसंगत (सम्+√गम्)
Formpast passive participle, masculine nominative singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
Formnegation
जह्यात्should abandon/should give up
जह्यात्:
TypeVerb
Root√हा
Formoptative (vidhi-liṅ), parasmaipada, 3rd person singular
पुरुषव्याघ्रःthe tiger among men; great hero
पुरुषव्याघ्रः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपुरुषव्याघ्र
Formmasculine, nominative singular
तावत्until then; before that
तावत्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतावत्
Formcorrelative adverb (tāvat = until then / before that)
वारयrestrain; stop; ward off
वारय:
TypeVerb
Root√वृ (वारयति)
Formimperative, parasmaipada, 2nd person singular
कौरवम्the Kaurava (king/warrior)
कौरवम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootकौरव
Formmasculine, accusative singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
P
Pārtha (Arjuna)
K
Kaurava (Kuru-line king/warrior)

Educational Q&A

Even in war, discernment and restraint are ethical necessities: a leader should prevent a reckless, pride-driven clash that would lead to needless death, especially when the outcome is foreseeably disastrous.

Sañjaya urgently warns that a heroic Kaurava warrior/king is about to engage Arjuna and may be killed before everyone’s eyes; he urges someone to go immediately and stop (restrain) that Kaurava from entering the fatal confrontation.