Shloka 46

सम्प्रभग्नं बल॑ दृष्टवा द्रोणेन निशि भारत

samprabhagnaṃ balaṃ dṛṣṭvā droṇena niśi bhārata

Sañjaya said: O Bhārata, seeing the army shattered by Droṇa in the night, the warriors were thrown into disarray.

सम्प्रभग्नम्shattered, broken up, routed
सम्प्रभग्नम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootसम्प्रभग्न (सम्+प्र+√भञ्ज्, क्त)
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
बलम्army, force
बलम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootबल
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
दृष्ट्वाhaving seen
दृष्ट्वा:
TypeVerb
Root√दृश्
FormAbsolutive (Gerund)
द्रोणेनby Drona
द्रोणेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootद्रोण
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
निशिat night
निशि:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootनिशा
FormFeminine, Locative, Singular
भारतO Bharata (descendant of Bharata)
भारत:
TypeNoun
Rootभारत
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular

सयजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
D
Droṇa
B
Bhārata (Dhṛtarāṣṭra)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights the immediate moral and practical consequence of unchecked martial power: when a commander’s prowess breaks an army—especially under cover of night—order, restraint, and discernment are strained. It implicitly raises the ethical tension between victory-seeking tactics and the dharmic ideal of fair, regulated combat.

Sañjaya reports to Dhṛtarāṣṭra that Droṇa has shattered a force during the night. The line sets the scene for panic and disruption in the battlefield narrative, emphasizing Droṇa’s effectiveness and the crisis faced by the opposing side.