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Shloka 19

अमोघशक्तिव्यंसनप्रश्नः — Why Karṇa’s Śakti Was Not Used on Arjuna

तस्य द्रोणो हयान्‌ हत्वा सारथिं च महात्मन: । अथास्य सशिरस्त्राणं शिर: कायादपाहरत्‌,यह देख द्रोणाचार्यने भी महामना शिबिके घोड़ोंको मारकर सारथिका भी वध कर दिया। फिर उनके शिरस्त्राणसहित मस्तकको धड़से काट लिया

tasya droṇo hayān hatvā sārathiṁ ca mahātmanaḥ | athāsya saśirastrāṇaṁ śiraḥ kāyād apāharat ||

Sañjaya said: Droṇa, having slain the horses and the charioteer of that noble warrior, then severed his head from his body, helmet and all.

तस्यof him/that (man)
तस्य:
Sambandha
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular
द्रोणःDrona
द्रोणः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootद्रोण
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
हयान्horses
हयान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootहय
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
हत्वाhaving killed
हत्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootहन्
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage-neutral here), Non-finite
सारथिम्the charioteer
सारथिम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसारथि
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
महात्मनःof the great-souled (man)
महात्मनः:
Sambandha
TypeNoun
Rootमहात्मन्
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
अथthen
अथ:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअथ
अस्यof him
अस्य:
Sambandha
TypePronoun
Rootइदम्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular
सशिरस्त्राणम्together with the helmet
सशिरस्त्राणम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootस-शिरस्त्राण
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
शिरःhead
शिरः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootशिरस्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
कायात्from the body
कायात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootकाय
FormMasculine, Ablative, Singular
अपाहरत्removed/took away
अपाहरत्:
TypeVerb
Rootअप-हृ
FormImperfect (लङ्), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada

संजय उवाच

संजय (Sañjaya)
द्रोण (Droṇa/Droṇācārya)
महात्मा (mahātmā—unnamed noble warrior in this verse)
हय (horses)
सारथि (charioteer)
शिरस्त्राण (helmet/head-armor)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights the harsh ethical tension of war: tactical necessity (disabling a warrior by killing horses and charioteer) can culminate in total destruction, reminding readers that even ‘great-souled’ status does not shield one from the impersonal, escalating logic of battle and the burdens of kṣatriya-dharma.

Sañjaya reports that Droṇa first kills the opponent’s horses and charioteer—stripping the warrior of movement and support—and then cuts off the warrior’s head along with the helmet, completing the kill in a decisive, brutal sequence.