Shloka 28

सौवर्ण सत्यसंधस्य ध्वजमक्लिष्टकर्मण: । अपश्यन्‌ युधि भीष्मस्य कथमाशंससे जयम्‌,अनायास ही महान्‌ कर्म करनेवाले सत्यप्रतिज्ञ भीष्मके सुवर्णमय ध्वजको अब युद्धस्थलमें फहराता न देखकर भी तुम विजयकी आशा कैसे करते हो?

sauvarṇaṃ satyasaṃdhasya dhvajam akliṣṭakarmaṇaḥ | apaśyan yudhi bhīṣmasya katham āśaṃsase jayam anāyāsaḥ ||

Sañjaya said: “When you no longer see, on the battlefield, the golden banner of Bhīṣma—steadfast in truth and tireless in action—how can you still hope for victory so easily?”

सौवर्णम्golden
सौवर्णम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootसौवर्ण
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
सत्यसन्धस्यof the true-to-his-vow (one)
सत्यसन्धस्य:
TypeAdjective
Rootसत्यसन्ध
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
ध्वजम्banner, standard
ध्वजम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootध्वज
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
अक्लिष्टकर्मणःof the untiring-in-deeds (one)
अक्लिष्टकर्मणः:
TypeAdjective
Rootअक्लिष्टकर्मन्
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
अपश्यन्not seeing / while not seeing
अपश्यन्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootदृश्
Formशतृ (present active participle), Masculine, Nominative, Singular
युधिin battle
युधि:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootयुध्
FormFeminine, Locative, Singular
भीष्मस्यof Bhīṣma
भीष्मस्य:
TypeNoun
Rootभीष्म
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
कथम्how?
कथम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकथम्
आशंससेdo you hope for / expect
आशंससे:
TypeVerb
Rootशंस्
FormLat (present), Ātmanepada, Second, Singular
जयम्victory
जयम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootजय
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
B
Bhīṣma
G
golden banner (dhvaja)

Educational Q&A

Do not cling to effortless optimism in the face of clear evidence. When the support of a principled, tireless leader is gone, ethical and strategic realism demands reassessment rather than complacent hope.

Sañjaya challenges Dhṛtarāṣṭra’s expectation of Kaurava victory by pointing to a concrete battlefield sign: Bhīṣma’s golden standard is no longer seen, implying Bhīṣma’s fall or removal from command, and thus a major shift in the war’s balance.