Shloka 3

भीमसेन–अलायुधयुद्धम् / Bhīmasena and Alāyudha: Night Engagement and Command Responses

Devanagari script

दृष्टवा तत्कदनं घोरं स्वबलस्य कृतं महत्‌ । जिष्णुना भीमसेनेन सात्वतेन च संयुगे

Transliteration

dṛṣṭvā tat-kadanaṃ ghoraṃ sva-balasya kṛtaṃ mahat | jiṣṇunā bhīmasenena sātvatena ca saṃyuge ||

Translation

Sañjaya said: “Seeing that dreadful and massive slaughter of his own forces, wrought in battle by Jiṣṇu (Arjuna), by Bhīmasena, and by the Sātvata (Kṛṣṇa), the king was shaken by the moral weight of war’s ruin—where prowess and strategy turn into a fearful harvest of lives.”

Word by Word

• दृष्ट्वा: having seen
• Type: Verb
• Root: दृश्
• Form: क्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), कर्तरि

• तत्: that
• तत्: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• कदनम्: slaughter, destruction
• कदनम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: कदन
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• घोरम्: terrible
• Type: Adjective
• Root: घोर
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• स्वबलस्य: of (one's) own army
• Type: Noun
• Root: स्वबल
• Form: Neuter, Genitive, Singular

• कृतम्: done, made
• Type: Verb
• Root: कृ
• Form: क्त (past passive participle), Neuter, Accusative, Singular, कर्मणि

• महत्: great
• Type: Adjective
• Root: महत्
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• जिष्णुना: by Jishnu (Arjuna)
• जिष्णुना: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: जिष्णु
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Singular

• भीमसेनेन: by Bhimasena
• भीमसेनेन: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: भीमसेन
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Singular

• सात्वतेन: by the Satvata (Krishna)
• सात्वतेन: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: सात्वत
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Singular

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• संयुगे: in battle
• संयुगे: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: संयुग
• Form: Masculine, Locative, Singular

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sañjaya
• Jiṣṇu (Arjuna)
• Bhīmasena (Bhīma)
• Sātvata (Kṛṣṇa)
• Kaurava army (sva-bala)