Shloka 31

Devanagari script

यत्र यात्येष तत्र त्वं चोदयाश्वान्‌ जनार्दन

Transliteration

yatra yāty eṣa tatra tvaṃ codayāśvān janārdana

Translation

Sañjaya said: “Wherever he moves, there you must drive the horses, O Janārdana.”

Word by Word

• यत्र: where
• यत्र: Adhikarana
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: यत्र
• Form: Adverb (place)

• याति: goes
• Type: Verb
• Root: या (गतौ)
• Form: Present, Parasmaipada, 3rd person, singular

• एषः: this (one), he
• एषः: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: एतद्
• Form: Masculine, nominative, singular

• तत्र: there
• तत्र: Adhikarana
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तत्र
• Form: Adverb (place)

• त्वम्: you
• त्वम्: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: युष्मद्
• Form: Masculine, nominative, singular

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च
• Form: Conjunction

• उदय: urge, drive on
• Type: Verb
• Root: चुद् (प्रेरणे)
• Form: Imperative, Parasmaipada, 2nd person, singular

• अश्वान्: horses
• अश्वान्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: अश्व
• Form: Masculine, accusative, plural

• जनार्दन: O Janardana (Krishna)
• जनार्दन: Sampradana
• Type: Noun
• Root: जनार्दन
• Form: Masculine, vocative, singular

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sañjaya
• Janārdana (Kṛṣṇa)
• horses (aśvāḥ)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

In a dharmic battle context, effective action depends on disciplined execution of one’s role: the charioteer must decisively support the warrior’s chosen course, aligning skill and responsibility with the demands of the moment.

What is happening in the narrative?

Sañjaya reports an urgent battlefield instruction addressed to Kṛṣṇa as charioteer (Janārdana): to drive the chariot’s horses to follow the movement of a particular warrior (‘he’), ensuring close pursuit or positioning in the ongoing combat.