Shloka 47

Devanagari script

तथा सर्वा दिशो राजन्‌ सर्वाश्व रथिनो रणे

Transliteration

tathā sarvā diśo rājan sarvāśva-rathino raṇe

Translation

Sañjaya said: “So it was, O King—on every side of the battlefield, horsemen and chariot-warriors were spread out in all directions.”

Word by Word

• तथा: thus, in that manner
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तथा
• Form: Avyaya (indeclinable adverb)

• सर्वाः: all
• सर्वाः: Adhikarana
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सर्व
• Form: Feminine, nominative, plural

• दिशः: directions, quarters
• दिशः: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: दिश्
• Form: Feminine, nominative, plural

• राजन्: O king
• Type: Noun
• Root: राजन्
• Form: Masculine, vocative, singular

• सर्वाः: all
• सर्वाः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सर्व
• Form: Feminine, nominative, plural

• अश्व-रथिनः: horsemen and charioteers
• अश्व-रथिनः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: अश्व-रथिन्
• Form: Masculine, nominative, plural

• रणे: in battle
• रणे: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: रण
• Form: Masculine, locative, singular

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sañjaya
• Dhṛtarāṣṭra
• directions (diśaḥ)
• horsemen (aśva)
• chariot-warriors (rathinaḥ)
• battlefield (raṇa)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse functions as battlefield reportage: it underscores the all-encompassing reach of war—when conflict escalates, it fills every ‘direction,’ leaving little space untouched by its consequences.

What is happening in the narrative?

Sañjaya, narrating to King Dhṛtarāṣṭra, describes the battle scene as extending in all directions, with horsemen and chariot-fighters deployed across the field.