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Shloka 53

Nakula–Śakuni Duel and the Night Battle; Śikhaṇḍin–Kṛpa Engagement (नकुल-शकुनियुद्धं तथा रात्रियुद्धवर्णनम्)

अथ कृष्णो महाबाहुरर्जुनं प्रत्यभाषत । पश्य वृष्ण्यन्धकव्याप्र॑ं सौमदत्तिवशं गतम्‌,तब महाबाहु श्रीकृष्णने अर्जुनसे कहा--'पार्थ! देखो, वृष्णि और अंधकवंशका वह श्रेष्ठ वीर भूरिश्रवाके वशमें हो गया है

atha kṛṣṇo mahābāhur arjunaṃ pratyabhāṣata | paśya vṛṣṇyandhakavyāghraṃ saumadattivaśaṃ gatam ||

Sañjaya said: Then mighty-armed Kṛṣṇa addressed Arjuna, saying, “Look, Pārtha—see that tiger among the Vṛṣṇis and Andhakas now fallen under the power of Saumadatti.”

अथthen
अथ:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअथ
कृष्णःKrishna
कृष्णः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootकृष्ण
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
महाबाहुःthe mighty-armed (one)
महाबाहुः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootमहाबाहु
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अर्जुनम्Arjuna
अर्जुनम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअर्जुन
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
प्रत्यभाषतspoke to / addressed
प्रत्यभाषत:
TypeVerb
Rootभाष्
FormImperfect (Lan), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
पश्यsee!
पश्य:
TypeVerb
Rootपश्
FormImperative (Lot), 2nd, Singular, Parasmaipada
वृष्णि-अन्धक-व्याघ्रम्the tiger (best hero) among the Vrishnis and Andhakas
वृष्णि-अन्धक-व्याघ्रम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootव्याघ्र
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
सौमदत्ति-वशम्under the control of Somadatti's son (Bhūrishravas)
सौमदत्ति-वशम्:
TypeNoun
Rootवश
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
गतम्gone; having come (into)
गतम्:
TypeVerb
Rootगम्
Formक्त (past passive participle), Masculine, Accusative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
K
Kṛṣṇa
A
Arjuna (Pārtha)
V
Vṛṣṇi clan
A
Andhaka clan
S
Saumadatti (Bhūriśravas)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights the moral pressure of war: when a celebrated warrior is overpowered, leaders must quickly discern what dharma requires—whether to intervene, how to balance compassion with rules of combat, and how to act without losing ethical clarity amid battlefield confusion.

Sañjaya reports that Kṛṣṇa points out to Arjuna that a foremost hero of the Vṛṣṇi–Andhaka line has come under Saumadatti’s control. It is a tactical and moral alert, directing Arjuna’s attention to a critical moment involving Bhūriśravas and the fate of a prominent allied warrior.