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Shloka 463

Adhyāya 141 — Night duels: Śaineya and Bhūriśravas; Droṇi and Ghaṭotkaca; Bhīma and Duryodhana

उपारोहदनादृत्य तस्य वीर्य महात्मन: । सूतपुत्र कर्ण नाना प्रकारके बाणोंद्वारा भीमसेनको आच्छादित करता हुआ उन महामनस्वी वीरके पराक्रमका तिरस्कार करके उनपर चढ़ आया

upārohadanādṛtya tasya vīryaṃ mahātmanaḥ | sūtaputraḥ karṇaḥ nānāprakārakaiḥ bāṇaiḥ bhīmasenaṃ ācchādayan tasya mahāmanasvinaḥ vīrasya parākramam avajñāya tam abhyārohata |

Sañjaya said: Disregarding the might of that great-souled warrior, Karṇa—the charioteer’s son—rushed upon him. Showering Bhīmasena with arrows of many kinds, he advanced in contempt of that noble hero’s prowess. The scene shows how, in war’s fury, pride and rivalry can harden into deliberate disregard for an opponent’s valor, even when that valor is widely acknowledged.

उपारोहत्he mounted/attacked (came up upon)
उपारोहत्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootउप-आ-रुह्
FormImperfect (Laṅ), 3, Singular, Parasmaipada
अनादृत्यdisregarding
अनादृत्य:
Karma
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअन्-आ-दृ (आदृ)
FormAbsolutive (ktvā-anta)
तस्यof him
तस्य:
Sambandha
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular
वीर्यम्valor, prowess
वीर्यम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootवीर्य
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
महात्मनःof the great-souled (hero)
महात्मनः:
Sambandha
TypeNoun
Rootमहात्मन्
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
सूतपुत्रःthe charioteer’s son (Karna)
सूतपुत्रः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसूतपुत्र
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
कर्णःKarna
कर्णः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootकर्ण
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
नानाvarious, manifold
नाना:
Visheshana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootनाना
FormAvyaya
प्रकारकैःby kinds/types
प्रकारकैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootप्रकारक
FormMasculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Plural
बाणैःwith arrows
बाणैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootबाण
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
द्वाराby means of
द्वारा:
Karana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootद्वार
FormPostposition-like avyaya
भीमसेनम्Bhimasena
भीमसेनम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootभीमसेन
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
आच्छादितःcovering, having covered
आच्छादितः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootआ-छद्
FormPast passive participle (kta), Masculine, Nominative, Singular
करन्doing, making
करन्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootकृ
FormPresent active participle (śatṛ), Masculine, Nominative, Singular
हुआhaving been (Hindi)
हुआ:
TypeVerb
Rootभू
FormPerfective (Hindi auxiliary; not Sanskrit)
उनthose (Hindi)
उन:
TypeIndeclinable
FormHindi demonstrative; not Sanskrit
महामनस्वीgreat-minded (Hindi/Sanskrit hybrid)
महामनस्वी:
Sambandha
TypeAdjective
Rootमहामनस्
FormMasculine, Locative/Genitive? (Hindi usage; Sanskrit unclear), Singular
वीरकेof the hero (Hindi)
वीरके:
Sambandha
TypeNoun
Rootवीर
FormHindi oblique; Sanskrit would be 'वीरस्य' etc.
पराक्रमकाof (his) prowess (Hindi)
पराक्रमका:
Sambandha
TypeNoun
Rootपराक्रम
FormHindi genitive; Sanskrit would be 'पराक्रमस्य'
तिरस्कारcontempt, disregard
तिरस्कार:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootतिरस्कार
FormMasculine, Accusative (implied as object of 'करन्'), Singular
करकेhaving done (Hindi)
करके:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकृ
FormHindi absolutive; Sanskrit would be 'कृत्वा'
उनपरupon him/them (Hindi)
उनपर:
TypeIndeclinable
FormHindi postpositional phrase; Sanskrit would be 'तस्मिन्/तस्योपरि'
चढ़climb/charge (Hindi stem)
चढ़:
TypeVerb
Rootचढ्
FormHindi verb-stem; Sanskrit would be 'आरुह्य/उपारुह्य/उपारोहत्'
आयाcame (Hindi)
आया:
TypeVerb
Rootइ/आ-या (Hindi)
FormHindi past; Sanskrit would be 'आयात्/आगात्/उपारोहत्'

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
K
Karṇa
B
Bhīmasena (Bhīma)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights a recurring ethical tension in the Mahābhārata: true valor includes recognizing an opponent’s worth, yet war often amplifies pride and contempt. It invites reflection on how disregard for another’s merit can arise from rivalry and how such attitudes shape conduct in conflict.

Sañjaya describes Karṇa charging at Bhīma. Karṇa overwhelms him with a varied barrage of arrows and advances while dismissing the renowned prowess of the great-hearted warrior he confronts.