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Shloka 20

Śaineya–Bhūriśravas: Genealogy, Svayaṃvara Contest, and the Maheśvara Boon

ततः शक्ति गृहीत्वा तु रुक्मदण्डामयस्मयीम्‌ । तरसा प्रेषयामास माधवस्य रथं प्रति,उन्होंने सोनेकी डंडेवाली लोहेकी शक्ति लेकर उसे सात्यकिके रथपर बड़े वेगसे चलाया

tataḥ śaktiṃ gṛhītvā tu rukmadaṇḍām ayasmayīm | tarasā preṣayāmāsa mādhavasya rathaṃ prati ||

Sañjaya said: Then, taking up a spear (śakti) made of iron and fitted with a golden shaft, he hurled it with great force toward Mādhava’s chariot.

ततःthen, thereafter
ततः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततः
FormAvyaya
शक्तिम्a spear/javelin (śakti-weapon)
शक्तिम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootशक्ति
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
गृहीत्वाhaving taken
गृहीत्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootग्रह्
FormAbsolutive (क्त्वा), indeclinable
तुbut/indeed
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
FormAvyaya
रुक्मदण्डाम्having a golden staff/shaft
रुक्मदण्डाम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootरुक्मदण्डा
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
अयस्मयीम्made of iron
अयस्मयीम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootअयस्मयी
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
तरसाwith speed/force
तरसा:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootतरस्
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
प्रेषयामासsent/shot/hurled
प्रेषयामास:
TypeVerb
Rootप्र-इष्
FormPerfect (लिट्), 3rd person, Singular, Parasmaipada
माधवस्यof Mādhava (Krishna)
माधवस्य:
TypeNoun
Rootमाधव
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
रथम्chariot
रथम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootरथ
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
प्रतिtowards, against
प्रति:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootप्रति
FormAvyaya (preposition)

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
Ś
Śakti (spear/javelin)
M
Mādhava (Kṛṣṇa)
R
Ratha (chariot)

Educational Q&A

The verse underscores how, in war, intent and method matter: targeting a chariot with a powerful missile reflects the drive to incapacitate and overwhelm. In the Mahābhārata’s ethical frame, such intensification of violence becomes a test of dharma—whether power is exercised with restraint or with destructive single-mindedness.

Sañjaya narrates that a warrior takes an iron spear with a golden shaft and hurls it at Mādhava’s chariot. The action signals a direct attempt to strike or disable the chariot associated with Kṛṣṇa (Mādhava), heightening the immediate danger on the battlefield.