Shloka 46

Bhūriśravas–Sātyaki Saṃvāda and Duel; Arjuna’s Intervention (भूरिश्रवाः–सात्यकि संवादः, युद्धम्, अर्जुन-हस्तक्षेपः)

Devanagari script

प्रगृह्मा तु ततः खड्गं जलसंधो महाबल:,तब महाबली जलसंधने सौ चन्द्राकार चमकीले चिह्लोंसे युक्त वृषभ-चर्मकी बनी हुई विशाल ढाल और तलवार हाथमें ले ली तथा उस तलवारको घुमाकर सात्यकिपर छोड़ दिया

Transliteration

sañjaya uvāca | pragṛhya tu tataḥ khaḍgaṃ jalasaṃdho mahābalaḥ |

Translation

Sañjaya said: Then the mighty Jalasaṃdha seized his sword. Taking up a large bull-hide shield marked with bright, moon-shaped emblems, he whirled the blade and hurled it at Sātyaki.

Word by Word

• प्रगृह्य: having seized/taken up
• प्रगृह्य: Karma
• Type: Verb
• Root: प्र-ग्रह्
• Form: ल्यप् (absolutive/gerund), परस्मैपद-भावार्थ (indeclinable gerund)

• तु: but/indeed
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तु

• ततः: then/from there
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ततः

• खड्गम्: sword
• खड्गम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: खड्ग
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• जलसन्धः: Jalasandha (proper name)
• जलसन्धः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: जलसन्ध
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• महाबलः: mighty/very strong
• महाबलः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: महाबल
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sañjaya
• Jalasaṃdha
• Sātyaki
• sword (khaḍga)
• shield (bull-hide; moon-emblem)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse highlights the tension within kṣatriya-dharma: valor and decisive action are praised in battle, yet the narrative context invites reflection on how anger and escalation can overtake discernment, making ethical restraint difficult amid war.

What is happening in the narrative?

Sañjaya narrates that the powerful warrior Jalasaṃdha takes up his sword (and a large bull-hide shield with moon-like emblems), whirls the weapon, and hurls the sword toward Sātyaki in the midst of combat.