Previous Verse
Next Verse

Shloka 42

Śaineya’s Breakthrough and Reunion with Arjuna (शैनेयस्य समागमः)

तस्मिन्‌ प्रविष्टे पृतनां शिनीनां प्रवरे रथे । भोजानीकं व्यतिक्रान्ते किमकुर्वत कौरवा:,शिनिप्रवर महारथी सात्यकि जब कृतवर्माकी सेनाको लाँचधकर कौरवी सेनामें प्रविष्ट हो गये तब कौरवोंने क्या किया?

tasmin praviṣṭe pṛtanāṃ śinīnāṃ pravare rathe | bhojānīkaṃ vyatikrānte kim akurvata kauravāḥ ||

Sañjaya said: When Sātyaki—the foremost warrior of the Śinis—had entered the Kaurava host upon his excellent chariot and had broken through the Bhoja battalion, what did the Kauravas do then?

तस्मिन्in that (situation/person)
तस्मिन्:
Adhikarana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Locative, Singular
प्रविष्टेhaving entered / when (he) had entered
प्रविष्टे:
Adhikarana
TypeVerb
Rootप्र-विश्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Locative, Singular, Past passive participle (क्त)
पृतनाम्army
पृतनाम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपृतना
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
शिनीनाम्of the Shinis (Vrishni clan)
शिनीनाम्:
Sambandha
TypeNoun
Rootशिनि
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
प्रवरेin the excellent / foremost
प्रवरे:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootप्रवर
FormMasculine/Neuter, Locative, Singular
रथेin/on the chariot
रथे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootरथ
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
भोजानीकम्the Bhoja-division (Bhoja troops)
भोजानीकम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootभोज + अनीक
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
व्यतिक्रान्तेhaving passed beyond / after crossing
व्यतिक्रान्ते:
Adhikarana
TypeVerb
Rootवि-अति-क्रम्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Locative, Singular, Past active participle (क्तवत्/क्त) used adjectivally
किम्what
किम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootकिम्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
अकुर्वतdid
अकुर्वत:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootकृ
FormImperfect (लङ्), Third, Plural, Parasmaipada
कौरवाःthe Kauravas
कौरवाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootकौरव
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
S
Sātyaki
Ś
Śinis
K
Kauravas
B
Bhoja battalion (Bhojānīka)
C
chariot (ratha)
A
army/host (pṛtanā)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights a recurring ethical pressure in the epic: when a formidable and duty-driven warrior breaks into one’s ranks, the opposing side is tested in how it responds—whether with disciplined strategy and adherence to battlefield codes, or with panic, excess, and adharma-driven retaliation.

Sañjaya reports that Sātyaki, a leading Śini warrior, has penetrated the Kaurava formation on his chariot and pushed past the Bhoja contingent. He then asks what the Kauravas did in response, setting up the next actions in the battle sequence.