Shloka 10
Devanagari script
त एनं॑ भृशसंविग्ना: सर्वतः प्रवरा रथै:
Transliteration
te enaṁ bhṛśa-saṁvignāḥ sarvataḥ pravarā rathaiḥ
Translation
Sañjaya said: Deeply shaken and alarmed, they closed in on him from every side with their finest chariots.
Word by Word
तेthey
ते:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
Formmasculine, nominative, plural
एनम्him
एनम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootएतद् (एन्-प्रत्ययान्त रूप)
Formmasculine, accusative, singular
भृशसंविग्नाःgreatly agitated/terrified
भृशसंविग्नाः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootभृश-संविग्न
Formmasculine, nominative, plural
सर्वतःfrom all sides
सर्वतः:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसर्वतः
प्रवराःexcellent, foremost
प्रवराः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootप्रवर
Formmasculine, nominative, plural
रथैःwith chariots
रथैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootरथ
Formmasculine, instrumental, plural
Speaker
संजय उवाच
Characters & Entities
S
SañjayaH
him (unnamed in this half-verse)C
chariots (ratha)Character Dynamics
Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)
War Context
Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Philosophical Teaching
Political Layer
Geographic Context
Cross References
Meter (Chandas)
Sandhi Notes
Educational Q&A
In war, fear and agitation arise naturally, yet disciplined action—coordinating resources and responding collectively—becomes a form of duty (kṣatriya-dharma). The verse highlights how inner disturbance still leads to purposeful, organized effort.
A group of warriors, greatly alarmed, surround an unnamed fighter from all directions using their best chariots, indicating an urgent tactical encirclement in the midst of the Drona Parva battle.