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Shloka 34

Duryodhana Seeks Droṇa’s Counsel; Imperative to Protect Jayadratha; Pāñcāla Assault on Duryodhana

त॑ रथैर्बहुसाहस्रै: कल्पितै: कुञ्जरैहयै: । पदात्योघैश्व संरब्धै: परिवद्रुर्थन॑जयम्‌,उन्होंने कई हजार रथों, सजे-सजाये हाथियों, घोड़ों तथा रोषमें भरे हुए पैदल सैनिकोंद्वारा अर्जुनको चारों ओरसे घेर लिया

taṁ rathair bahusāhasraiḥ kalpitaiḥ kuñjaraihayaiḥ | padātyoghaiś ca saṁrabdhaiḥ parivadrur dhanamjayam ||

Sañjaya said: Then, with many thousands of chariots, with well-arrayed elephants and horses, and with surging masses of enraged foot-soldiers, they rushed in and hemmed in Dhanañjaya (Arjuna) on every side.

तेthey
ते:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
रथैःwith chariots
रथैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootरथ
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
बहुसाहस्रैःby many thousands (of)
बहुसाहस्रैः:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootबहुसाहस्र
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
कल्पितैःarranged, prepared
कल्पितैः:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootकल्पित
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
कुञ्जरैःwith elephants
कुञ्जरैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootकुञ्जर
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
हयैःwith horses
हयैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootहय
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
पदाति-ओघैःwith masses of foot-soldiers
पदाति-ओघैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootपदाति + ओघ
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
संरब्धैःenraged, furious
संरब्धैः:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootसंरब्ध
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
परिवद्रुःthey ran around / surrounded
परिवद्रुः:
TypeVerb
Rootपरि + वद्रु (धातु: द्रु/द्रव्)
FormPerfect (Liṭ), Third, Plural
धनञ्जयम्Dhanañjaya (Arjuna)
धनञ्जयम्:
Karma
TypeNoun (Proper)
Rootधनञ्जय
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
D
Dhanañjaya (Arjuna)
C
chariots (ratha)
E
elephants (kuñjara)
H
horses (haya)
I
infantry/foot-soldiers (padāti)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights steadfastness in dharma under extreme pressure: even when confronted by overwhelming, organized force, a warrior’s duty calls for composure, courage, and disciplined action rather than panic or moral collapse.

Sañjaya reports that large Kaurava forces—chariots, elephants, horses, and angry infantry—swiftly converge and surround Arjuna (Dhanañjaya), attempting to contain and overpower him through a coordinated encirclement.