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Shloka 44

भीष्मस्य मध्याह्नयुद्धवर्णनम् / Mid-day Battle Description: Bhīṣma Engaged by the Pāñcālas

तत्राक्रन्दो महानासीत्‌ तव तेषां च भारत । (पाण्डवानां च राजेन्द्र सैनिकानां सुदारुण: ।) निध्नतां दृढमन्योन्यं कुर्वतां कर्म दुष्करम्‌,भारत! राजेन्द्र! एक-दूसरेपर सुदृढ़ प्रहार और दुष्कर पराक्रम करनेवाले आपके और पाण्डवोंके सैनिकोंमें अत्यन्त भयंकर महान्‌ संग्राम होने लगा

sañjaya uvāca | tatrākrando mahān āsīt tava teṣāṃ ca bhārata | pāṇḍavānāṃ ca rājendra sainikānāṃ sudāruṇaḥ | nighnatāṃ dṛḍham anyonyaṃ kurvatāṃ karma duṣkaram |

Sañjaya said: There arose there a great and dreadful outcry among your warriors and those of the Pāṇḍavas, O Bhārata, O lord of kings. As they struck one another with unyielding force and attempted deeds hard to accomplish, the battle swelled into a most terrible clash.

तत्रthere
तत्र:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतत्र
आक्रन्दःcry, tumult
आक्रन्दः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootआक्रन्द
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
महान्great
महान्:
TypeAdjective
Rootमहत्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
आसीत्was
आसीत्:
TypeVerb
Rootअस्
FormImperfect, 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
तवof you/your
तव:
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
Form—, Genitive, Singular
तेषाम्of them
तेषाम्:
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
Form—, Genitive, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
भारतO Bharata (descendant of Bharata)
भारत:
TypeNoun
Rootभारत
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
पाण्डवानाम्of the Pandavas
पाण्डवानाम्:
TypeNoun
Rootपाण्डव
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
राजेन्द्रO lord of kings
राजेन्द्र:
TypeNoun
Rootराजेन्द्र
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
सैनिकानाम्of the soldiers
सैनिकानाम्:
TypeNoun
Rootसैनिक
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
सुदारुणःvery dreadful
सुदारुणः:
TypeAdjective
Rootसुदारुण
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
निघ्नताम्of (those) striking down
निघ्नताम्:
TypeVerb
Rootनि-हन्
FormPresent active participle, Masculine/Neuter, Genitive, Plural
दृढम्firmly, strongly
दृढम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootदृढ
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
अन्योन्यम्each other, mutually
अन्योन्यम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअन्योन्य
कुर्वताम्of (those) doing
कुर्वताम्:
TypeVerb
Rootकृ
FormPresent active participle, Masculine/Neuter, Genitive, Plural
कर्मdeed, act
कर्म:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootकर्मन्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
दुष्करम्difficult, hard to do
दुष्करम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootदुष्कर
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
B
Bhārata (Dhṛtarāṣṭra addressed)
R
Rājendra (Dhṛtarāṣṭra addressed)
P
Pāṇḍavas
S
soldiers of the Kauravas
S
soldiers of the Pāṇḍavas

Educational Q&A

The verse underscores the ethical tension of war: even when framed as duty and valor, battle manifests as collective suffering—an outcry born from mutual, forceful violence. It invites reflection on the human cost that accompanies heroic ambition and ‘difficult feats’ on the battlefield.

Sañjaya reports to Dhṛtarāṣṭra that a terrifying tumult erupts as the Kaurava and Pāṇḍava soldiers strike each other fiercely, each attempting arduous martial exploits; the fighting intensifies into a dreadful, chaotic clash.