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Shloka 43

भीष्मस्य मध्याह्नयुद्धवर्णनम् / Mid-day Battle Description: Bhīṣma Engaged by the Pāñcālas

धृष्टद्युम्नमुखास्त्वन्ये तव सैन्यमयोधयन्‌ । तथैव तावका: सर्वे पाण्ड्सैन्यमयो धयन्‌,धृष्टद्यम्म आदि अन्य महारथी आपकी सेनाके साथ तथा आपके प्रमुख सैनिक पाण्डव-सेनाके साथ युद्ध करने लगे

dhṛṣṭadyumnamukhās tv anye tava sainyam ayodhayan | tathaiva tāvakāḥ sarve pāṇḍusainyam ayodhayan ||

Sañjaya said: Led by Dhṛṣṭadyumna, other warriors engaged your army in battle; and in the same way, all your own men fought against the Pāṇḍava host.

धृष्टद्युम्नमुखाःthose headed by Dhrishtadyumna
धृष्टद्युम्नमुखाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootधृष्टद्युम्नमुख
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
तुbut/indeed
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
अन्येothers
अन्ये:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअन्य
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
तवyour
तव:
TypePronoun
Rootत्वद्
Form—, Genitive, Singular
सैन्यम्army
सैन्यम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसैन्य
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
अयोधयन्made (them) fight / fought against
अयोधयन्:
TypeVerb
Rootयुध्
FormImperfect (Laṅ), 3rd, Plural, Parasmaipada, Causative
तथाso/likewise
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
एवindeed/just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
तावकाःyour men (Kauravas)
तावकाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootतावक
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
सर्वेall
सर्वे:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootसर्व
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
पाण्डुसैन्यम्the Pandu-army (Pandava army)
पाण्डुसैन्यम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपाण्डुसैन्य
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
अयोधयन्made (them) fight / fought against
अयोधयन्:
TypeVerb
Rootयुध्
FormImperfect (Laṅ), 3rd, Plural, Parasmaipada, Causative

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
D
Dhṛṣṭadyumna
K
Kaurava army (tava sainyam / tāvakāḥ)
P
Pāṇḍava army (pāṇḍu-sainyam)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights how war becomes a collective act: once leaders commit, entire armies follow, making responsibility and ethical consequence shared across a side—not only by commanders but by all who participate.

Sañjaya reports to Dhṛtarāṣṭra that Dhṛṣṭadyumna and other Pāṇḍava-aligned warriors are attacking the Kaurava forces, while the Kauravas in turn are fully engaged against the Pāṇḍava army—battle lines are mutually locked in combat.