Shloka 60

Devanagari script

आद्रवन्तमभिप्रेक्ष्य राक्षसं युद्धदुर्मदम्‌ । इरावानथ संरब्ध: प्रत्यधावन्महाबल:,रणदुर्मद राक्षस अलम्बुषको अपने ऊपर धावा करते देख महाबली इरावान्‌ भी क्रोधमें भरकर उसके ऊपर टूट पड़ा

Transliteration

ādravantam abhiprekṣya rākṣasaṁ yuddha-durmadam | irāvān atha saṁrabdhaḥ pratyadhāvan mahābalaḥ ||

Translation

Sañjaya said: Seeing the rākṣasa, maddened by the arrogance of battle, rushing toward him, mighty Irāvān too, filled with wrath, charged straight at him.

Word by Word

• आद्रवन्तम्: running/charging
• आद्रवन्तम्: Karma
• Type: Verb
• Root: आद्रवत् (आ + √द्रु)
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular, Present active (शतृ)

• अभिप्रेक्ष्य: having seen
• Type: Verb
• Root: अभि + √प्रेक्ष्
• Form: Absolutive (क्त्वा/ल्यप्), Active

• राक्षसम्: the Rakshasa (demon)
• राक्षसम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: राक्षस
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• युद्धदुर्मदम्: maddened by battle / battle-mad
• Type: Adjective
• Root: युद्ध-दुर्मद
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• इरावान्: Iravan
• इरावान्: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: इरावान्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• अथ: then
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अथ

• संरब्धः: enraged / provoked
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सं + √रभ् (संरब्ध)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular, Past passive participle (क्त)

• प्रत्यधावत्: ran towards / charged at
• Type: Verb
• Root: प्रति + √धाव्
• Form: Imperfect (लङ्), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada

• महाबलः: mighty-strong
• Type: Adjective
• Root: महा-बल
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sañjaya
• Irāvān
• Alambuṣa (rākṣasa)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

When battle is properly engaged, a warrior is expected to confront aggression directly. The verse highlights courage and the kṣatriya duty to respond to an oncoming attacker without yielding, while also hinting at the moral danger of war-intoxication (yuddha-durmada).

What is happening in the narrative?

Alambuṣa, a rākṣasa warrior, rushes to attack. Irāvān sees him charging and, angered and resolute, counter-charges with great force as Sañjaya narrates the clash.