Previous Verse
Next Verse

Shloka 50

Dhṛtarāṣṭra–Sañjaya-saṃvādaḥ; madhyāhna-saṅgrāma-pravṛttiḥ

Dhritarashtra–Sanjaya dialogue and the midday battle escalation

विव्यथे न च राजेन्द्र तव पुत्रो जनेश्वर | धृष्टद्युम्नं च समरे तूर्ण विव्याध पत्रिभि:

vivyathe na ca rājendra tava putro janeśvara | dhṛṣṭadyumnaṃ ca samare tūrṇaṃ vivyādha patribhiḥ ||

Sañjaya said: “O king, your son did not falter; in the thick of battle he swiftly pierced Dhṛṣṭadyumna with his arrows.”

विव्यथेwas distressed/trembled
विव्यथे:
TypeVerb
Rootव्यथ्
FormPerfect (Paroksha), 3, Singular, Parasmaipada
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
राजेन्द्रO king of kings
राजेन्द्र:
TypeNoun
Rootराजेन्द्र
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
तवof you/your
तव:
Sambandha
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
FormGenitive, Singular
पुत्रःson
पुत्रः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपुत्र
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
जनेश्वरO lord of men
जनेश्वर:
TypeNoun
Rootजनेश्वर
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
धृष्टद्युम्नम्Dhrishtadyumna
धृष्टद्युम्नम्:
Karma
TypeProperNoun
Rootधृष्टद्युम्न
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
समरेin battle
समरे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootसमर
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
तूर्णम्swiftly
तूर्णम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतूर्ण
विव्याधpierced/wounded
विव्याध:
TypeVerb
Rootव्यध्
FormPerfect (Paroksha), 3, Singular, Parasmaipada
पत्रिभिःwith arrows
पत्रिभिः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootपत्रिन्
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
D
Dhṛtarāṣṭra
D
Duryodhana
D
Dhṛṣṭadyumna

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights the kṣatriya ideal of steadiness under pressure: even amid fear and chaos, a warrior is expected to remain composed and act decisively. It also reflects Sañjaya’s role in shaping Dhṛtarāṣṭra’s perception by emphasizing his son’s courage rather than vulnerability.

Sañjaya reports to Dhṛtarāṣṭra that Duryodhana did not waver in the fight and, acting quickly, struck Dhṛṣṭadyumna with a volley of arrows during the battle.