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Shloka 5

Dhṛtarāṣṭra–Sañjaya-saṃvādaḥ; madhyāhna-saṅgrāma-pravṛttiḥ

Dhritarashtra–Sanjaya dialogue and the midday battle escalation

एष भीष्म: शान्तनवो योद्धुकामो धनंजयम्‌ । सर्वात्मना कुरुश्रेष्ठस्त्यक्त्वा जीवितमात्मन:,“वीरो! ये शान्तनुनन्दन कुरुश्रेष्ठ भीष्म अपना जीवन निछावर करके सम्पूर्ण हृदयसे अर्जुनके साथ युद्ध करना चाहते हैं

sañjaya uvāca | eṣa bhīṣmaḥ śāntanavo yoddhukāmo dhanañjayam | sarvātmanā kuruśreṣṭhas tyaktvā jīvitam ātmanaḥ |

Sanjaya said: “Behold Bhishma, the son of Shantanu—foremost among the Kurus—who, desiring to fight Dhananjaya (Arjuna), is ready with his whole being, having cast aside concern for his own life. In this moment, Bhishma’s vow-bound valor and loyalty to his chosen duty stand revealed, even as he enters a war that pits kin against kin.”

एषःthis (man)
एषः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
भीष्मःBhishma
भीष्मः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootभीष्म
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
शान्तनवःson of Shantanu
शान्तनवः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootशान्तनव
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
योद्धुकामःdesirous of fighting
योद्धुकामः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootयोद्धुकाम
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
धनंजयम्Dhananjaya (Arjuna)
धनंजयम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootधनंजय
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
सर्वात्मनाwith his whole self; wholeheartedly
सर्वात्मना:
Karana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसर्वात्मन्
Formtrue
कुरुश्रेष्ठःthe best of the Kurus
कुरुश्रेष्ठः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootकुरुश्रेष्ठ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
त्यक्त्वाhaving abandoned; giving up
त्यक्त्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootत्यज्
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage-neutral)
जीवितम्life
जीवितम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootजीवित
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
आत्मनःof himself; his own
आत्मनः:
TypeNoun
Rootआत्मन्
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sanjaya
B
Bhishma
S
Shantanu
D
Dhananjaya (Arjuna)
K
Kuru dynasty

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights a warrior-elder’s unwavering commitment to his chosen duty: Bhishma, bound by vows and allegiance, enters battle with total resolve, even at the cost of his life—illustrating how dharma can demand steadfastness amid painful moral complexity.

Sanjaya points out Bhishma on the battlefield, describing him as eager to engage Arjuna and as fighting with full dedication, having set aside attachment to his own survival.