Shloka 11

ततोस्य कार्मुकं द्वाभ्यां सूत॑ द्वाभ्यां च विव्यथे । चतुर्भिरश्चानू जवनाननयद्‌ यमसादनम्‌

tato 'sya kārmukaṃ dvābhyāṃ sūtaṃ dvābhyāṃ ca vivyathe | caturbhir aśvānū javān ānayat yamasādanam ||

Sañjaya said: Then with two arrows he struck down his bow, and with two more he pierced the charioteer. With four arrows he dispatched the swift horses, sending them to Yama’s abode. The scene reveals battle’s ruthless efficiency: disabling the enemy’s means of fighting—weapon, driver, and steeds—becomes decisive, even as it deepens the moral weight of violence on the field.

ततःthen, thereafter
ततः:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततः
अस्यof him
अस्य:
Adhikarana
TypePronoun
Rootइदम्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular
कार्मुकम्bow
कार्मुकम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootकार्मुक
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
द्वाभ्याम्with two (arrows)
द्वाभ्याम्:
Karana
TypeNumeral
Rootद्वि
FormAll, Instrumental, Dual
सूतO charioteer
सूत:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootसूत
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
द्वाभ्याम्with two (arrows)
द्वाभ्याम्:
Karana
TypeNumeral
Rootद्वि
FormAll, Instrumental, Dual
and
:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Root
विव्यथेwas pained / was shaken
विव्यथे:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootव्यथ्
FormPerfect (Liṭ), 3rd, Singular, Ātmanepada
चतुर्भिःwith four (arrows)
चतुर्भिः:
Karana
TypeNumeral
Rootचतुर्
FormAll, Instrumental, Plural
अश्वान्horses
अश्वान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअश्व
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
अनुalong, after (as prefix with verb)
अनु:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable (Preverb)
Rootअनु
जवान्swift
जवान्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootजव
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
अनयत्led, sent
अनयत्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootनी
FormImperfect (Laṅ), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
यमसादनम्abode of Yama (death)
यमसादनम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootयम-सादन
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular

संजय उवाच

संजय (Sañjaya)
कर्मुक (bow)
सूत (charioteer)
अश्व (horses)
यम (Yama)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights a battlefield ethic of decisive action: neutralizing the opponent’s capacity to fight (weapon, driver, and horses) is portrayed as an effective tactic, while also reminding the listener of the grave moral and existential consequence—death—ever-present in war.

In Sañjaya’s report of the combat, a warrior strikes an opponent’s bow with two arrows, wounds the charioteer with two more, and then kills the swift horses with four arrows, thereby crippling the enemy chariot and sending the slain to Yama’s abode.