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Shloka 31

भीष्मवधाय प्रयाणम् — The Advance toward Bhīṣma and Counter-Engagements

उत्तस्थु: समरे तत्र कबन्धानि समन्तत: । कुरूणां चैव सैन्येषु पाण्डवानां च भारत,भारत! वहाँ समरमें कौरवों और पाण्डवोंकी सेनाओंमें चारों ओर कबन्ध उठने लगे

uttasthuḥ samare tatra kabandhāni samantataḥ | kurūṇāṃ caiva sainyeṣu pāṇḍavānāṃ ca bhārata ||

Sañjaya said: “There, in the midst of that battle, headless trunks began to rise up on every side—among the armies of the Kurus and among those of the Pāṇḍavas, O Bhārata.”

उत्तस्थुःrose up / stood up
उत्तस्थुः:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootउत्-स्था (स्था)
FormPerfect (Liṭ), 3rd, Plural, Parasmaipada
समरेin battle
समरे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootसमर
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
तत्रthere
तत्र:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतत्र
कबन्धानिheadless trunks / torsos
कबन्धानि:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootकबन्ध
FormNeuter, Nominative, Plural
समन्ततःon all sides
समन्ततः:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसमन्ततः
कुरूणाम्of the Kurus
कुरूणाम्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootकुरु
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
एवindeed / just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
सैन्येषुin the armies
सैन्येषु:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootसैन्य
FormNeuter, Locative, Plural
पाण्डवानाम्of the Pāṇḍavas
पाण्डवानाम्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootपाण्डव
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
भारतO Bhārata
भारत:
TypeNoun
Rootभारत
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
B
Bhārata (Dhṛtarāṣṭra as addressee)
K
Kurus (Kaurava host)
P
Pāṇḍavas (Pāṇḍava host)
K
kabandha (headless trunk)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights the impartial destructiveness of war: death does not discriminate between sides. It implicitly warns that when dharma collapses into armed conflict, the outcome is widespread suffering that engulfs all participants.

Sañjaya describes the battlefield where, amid intense fighting, decapitated bodies (kabandhas) are seen rising or moving about on all sides among both the Kuru and Pāṇḍava armies, emphasizing the horror and chaos of the combat.