Shloka 22

हताश्व॑ रथमुत्सज्य विकर्णस्तु महारथ: । आरुरोह रथं राजंश्रित्रसेनस्थ भारत,भरतवंशी नरेश! घोड़ोंके मारे जानेपर महारथी विकर्ण अपना रथ छोड़कर चित्रसेनके रथपर जा बैठा

hatāśvaṁ ratham utsajya vikarṇas tu mahārathaḥ | ārurōha rathaṁ rājan citrasenastha bhārata ||

Sañjaya said: When his horses had been slain, the great chariot-warrior Vikarṇa abandoned his own chariot and, O King, mounted the chariot of Citrasena. Thus the harsh pragmatics of battle are seen—amid sudden loss and confusion, a warrior must swiftly adapt to survive and to carry on his duty in combat.

हताश्वम्having slain horses / whose horses were slain (horse-less)
हताश्वम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootहताश्व
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
रथम्chariot
रथम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootरथ
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
उत्सज्यhaving abandoned / leaving
उत्सज्य:
Karma
TypeVerb
Rootउत्-सृज्
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage)
विकर्णःVikarna
विकर्णः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootविकर्ण
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तुbut / indeed
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
महारथःgreat chariot-warrior
महारथः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमहारथ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
आरुरोहmounted / climbed onto
आरुरोह:
TypeVerb
Rootआ-रुह्
FormPerfect (Liṭ), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
रथम्chariot
रथम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootरथ
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
राजन्O king
राजन्:
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
चित्रसेनस्यof Chitrasena
चित्रसेनस्य:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootचित्रसेन
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
भारतO Bharata (descendant of Bharata)
भारत:
TypeNoun
Rootभारत
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
D
Dhṛtarāṣṭra
V
Vikarṇa
C
Citrasena
C
chariot
H
horses

Educational Q&A

In the ethics of kṣatriya warfare, one must not collapse into helplessness when resources are lost; steadiness and swift adaptation are required to continue one’s appointed duty (svadharma) amid crisis.

Vikarṇa’s chariot becomes unusable because its horses are killed. He immediately abandons it and climbs onto Citrasena’s chariot, allowing him to remain engaged in the battle.