Shloka 74

वध्यमानं तु तत्‌ सैन्यं द्रोणेन निशितैः: शरै: । व्यभ्रमत्‌ तत्र तत्रैव क्षोभ्यमाण इवार्णव:

vadhyamānaṃ tu tat sainyaṃ droṇena niśitaiḥ śaraiḥ | vyabhramat tatra tatraiva kṣobhyamāṇa ivārṇavaḥ ||

Sañjaya said: As that army was being cut down by Droṇa with his keen arrows, it reeled and scattered here and there—like an ocean heaving when churned and violently stirred.

वध्यमानम्being slain / being struck down
वध्यमानम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootवध्यमान (√वध्)
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
तुbut / indeed
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
तत्that
तत्:
TypeAdjective
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
सैन्यम्army
सैन्यम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसैन्य
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
द्रोणेनby Droṇa
द्रोणेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootद्रोण
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
निशितैःwith sharp
निशितैः:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootनिशित
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
शरैःarrows
शरैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootशर
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
व्यभ्रमत्reeled about / wandered in confusion
व्यभ्रमत्:
TypeVerb
Rootवि + √भ्रम्
FormImperfect (Laṅ), 3rd, Singular
तत्रthere
तत्र:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतत्र
तत्रthere (here and there)
तत्र:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतत्र
एवindeed / just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
क्षोभ्यमाणःbeing agitated / churned
क्षोभ्यमाणः:
TypeAdjective
Rootक्षोभ्यमाण (√क्षुभ्)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
इवlike / as if
इव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव
अर्णवःocean
अर्णवः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअर्णव
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
D
Droṇa
S
sainya (army)
Ś
śara (arrows)
A
arṇava (ocean, as simile)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights how overwhelming skill and force in war can dissolve collective order: when fear and shock spread, even a large army loses cohesion. Ethically, it points to the fragility of disciplined duty (dharma in action) under extreme violence, and the responsibility of leaders to maintain steadiness amid turmoil.

Sañjaya describes the battlefield where Droṇa, firing sharp arrows, is slaughtering and pressuring the opposing host. The army, unable to hold formation, swirls and scatters in confusion, compared to an ocean roiled by agitation.