Shloka 42

वधाय निष्पेतुरुदायुधास्ते युगक्षये केतवो यद्वदुग्रा: । प्रगृह्य चास्त्राणि धनूंषि वीरा ज्यां नेमिघोषै: प्रविकम्पयन्त:,दुर्योधनका यह कथन सुनकर आपके सभी वीर पुत्र, जो धृष्टद्यम्मका आगमन नहीं सह सके थे, बड़े भाईकी आज्ञासे प्रेरित हो प्रलयकालके भयंकर केतुओंकी भाँति हाथमें आयुध लिये धृष्टद्युम्नके वधके लिये उनपर टूट पड़े। उन्होंने अपने हाथोंमें धनुष-बाण ले रखे थे और वे रथके पहियोंकी घरघराहटके साथ-साथ धनुषकी प्रत्यंचाको भी कँपाते हुए उसकी टंकार फैला रहे थे

sañjaya uvāca |

vadhāya niṣpetur udāyudhās te yugakṣaye ketavo yadvad ugrāḥ |

pragṛhya cāstrāṇi dhanūṃṣi vīrā jyā-nemi-ghoṣaiḥ pravikampayantaḥ |

Sañjaya said: Urged on to kill, those warriors—armed with uplifted weapons—leapt forward like fierce portents at the end of an age. Grasping their missiles and bows, they advanced, making the bowstrings quiver and filling the field with the combined roar of bow-twang and the rumble of chariot-wheels—an image of war’s collective frenzy, where resolve hardens into lethal intent.

वधायfor killing
वधाय:
Sampradana
TypeNoun
Rootवध
FormMasculine, Dative, Singular
निष्पेतुःthey rushed/flew forth
निष्पेतुः:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootनि-√पत्
FormPerfect, Third, Plural
उदायुधाःwith weapons raised
उदायुधाः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootउदायुध
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
तेthose (men)
ते:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
युगक्षयेat the end of an age (cosmic dissolution)
युगक्षये:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootयुगक्षय
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
केतवःcomets/portents
केतवः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootकेतु
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
यद्वत्just as
यद्वत्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयद्वत्
उग्राःfierce/terrible
उग्राः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootउग्र
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
प्रगृह्यhaving seized/taken up
प्रगृह्य:
TypeVerb
Rootप्र-√ग्रह्
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund)
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अस्त्राणिmissile-weapons
अस्त्राणि:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअस्त्र
FormNeuter, Accusative, Plural
धनूंषिbows
धनूंषि:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootधनुस्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Plural
वीराःheroes/warriors
वीराः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootवीर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
ज्याम्bowstring
ज्याम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootज्या
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
नेमिघोषैःwith the rumbling sounds of wheels
नेमिघोषैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootनेमिघोष
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
प्रविकम्पयन्तःcausing to tremble; vibrating
प्रविकम्पयन्तः:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootप्र-वि-√कम्प्
Formशतृ (present active participle), Masculine, Nominative, Plural

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
W
weapons (āyudha)
M
missiles (astra)
B
bows (dhanus)
B
bowstring (jyā)
C
chariot-wheel (nemi)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights how collective martial zeal can surge into destructive intent, portrayed through apocalyptic imagery. Ethically, it underscores the Mahābhārata’s recurring tension: warriors act under duty and command, yet the momentum of battle easily becomes a near-inevitable force that overwhelms restraint.

Sañjaya describes warriors rushing forward to slay their target, weapons raised. They seize bows and missiles and advance with loud, intimidating sounds—the twang of bowstrings and the rumble of chariot wheels—signaling an imminent, coordinated assault.