Shloka 29

अस्वस्ति तस्य कुर्वन्ति देवा: शक्रपुरोगमा: । यः सहायान्‌ परित्यज्य स्वस्तिमानाव्रजेद्‌ गृहम्‌,“जो अपने सहायकोंको छोड़कर स्वयं कुशल-पूर्वक घरको लौट आता है, उसका इन्द्र आदि देवता अनिष्ट करते हैं

asvasti tasya kurvanti devāḥ śakrapurogamāḥ | yaḥ sahāyān parityajya svastimān āvrajed gṛham ||

Sañjaya said: The gods, led by Indra, bring misfortune upon that man who abandons his companions and, seeking only his own safety, returns home unharmed.

अस्वस्तिill-being, harm
अस्वस्ति:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअस्वस्ति
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
तस्यfor him/of him
तस्य:
Sampradana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular
कुर्वन्तिdo, make
कुर्वन्ति:
TypeVerb
Rootकृ
FormPresent, Indicative, Third, Plural, Parasmaipada
देवाःthe gods
देवाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootदेव
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
शक्रपुरोगमाःhaving Indra in front/led by Indra
शक्रपुरोगमाः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootशक्रपुरोगम
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
यःwho
यः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
सहायान्helpers, allies
सहायान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसहाय
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
परित्यज्यhaving abandoned
परित्यज्य:
TypeVerb
Rootपरि-त्यज्
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage)
स्वस्तिमान्safe, well, fortunate
स्वस्तिमान्:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootस्वस्तिमत्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
आव्रजेत्should return/come back
आव्रजेत्:
TypeVerb
Rootआ-√व्रज्
FormPresent, Optative, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
गृहम्home
गृहम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootगृह
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
D
Devāḥ (the gods)
Ś
Śakra (Indra)
G
Gṛha (home)

Educational Q&A

One should not abandon companions in danger for the sake of personal safety; desertion violates dharma, and the tradition frames it as attracting divine disfavor (misfortune) from Indra and the gods.

Sañjaya, narrating the war context, states a moral judgment: a person who leaves his allies behind and returns home safely is condemned—symbolically punished by the gods—highlighting the expected conduct of warriors and comrades on the battlefield.