Shloka 43

हतैरश्वैर्गजैस्तत्र नरैरश्वेश्न॒ पातितै: । रथिभश्रि: सादिभिश्नैव समास्तीर्यत मेदिनी,उस समय वहाँ मारे और गिराये गये हाथी, घोड़े, मनुष्य, रथी और सवारोंद्वारा सारी पृथ्वी आच्छादित हो गयी थी

sañjaya uvāca | hatair aśvair gajais tatra narair aśveṣṇa pātitaiḥ | rathibhiḥ sādibhiś caiva samāstīryata medinī ||

Sañjaya said: There, the earth was spread over and covered on all sides by the slain—horses and elephants, men and those struck down from their horses—as well as by chariot-warriors and mounted riders.

हतैःby the slain
हतैः:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootहन् (धातु) → हत (कृदन्त)
FormMasculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Plural
अश्वैःhorses
अश्वैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootअश्व
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
गजैःelephants
गजैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootगज
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
तत्रthere
तत्र:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतत्र
नरैःmen
नरैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootनर
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
अश्वेषुon/among horses
अश्वेषु:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootअश्व
FormMasculine, Locative, Plural
पातितैःby those made to fall / felled
पातितैः:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootपत् (धातु) → पातित (णिच्-कृदन्त, कर्मणि)
FormMasculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Plural
रथिभिःby chariot-warriors
रथिभिः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootरथि
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
सादिभिःby riders/horsemen
सादिभिः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootसादि
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
एवindeed/just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
समास्तीर्यतwas spread/covered
समास्तीर्यत:
TypeVerb
Rootस्तॄ (धातु) → सम् + आ + स्तॄ; (लङ्, आत्मनेपद)
FormImperfect (लङ्), 3rd, Singular, Atmanepada
मेदिनीthe earth
मेदिनी:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमेदिनी
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
M
medinī (the earth/ground)
A
aśva (horses)
G
gaja (elephants)
N
nara (men/warriors)
R
rathin (chariot-warriors)
S
sādin (mounted riders)

Educational Q&A

The verse underscores the ethical gravity of war: even when fought under claims of dharma, battle results in widespread destruction, and the earth itself becomes strewn with the fallen—an implicit reminder of the human and moral cost of violence.

Sañjaya describes the battlefield after intense fighting: the ground is covered with the bodies of slain elephants, horses, men, and fallen fighters—chariot-warriors and mounted cavalry—indicating massive casualties and the ferocity of the encounter.