Shloka 1

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bhīṣma uvāca | tataḥ sa bhagavān devo lokānām īśabhūteśvaraḥ | brahmā pratyuvācedaṃ snigdha-gambhīrayā girā ||

Bhishma said: Then that Blessed Lord, the divine Sovereign—Lord even of the rulers of the worlds—addressed Brahmā in words that were at once affectionate and profoundly grave.

ततःthen, thereafter
ततः:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततः (तद्-प्रातिपदिकात् अव्यय)
सःhe
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
भगवान्the Blessed Lord
भगवान्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootभगवत्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
देवःthe god
देवः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootदेव
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
लोकानाम्of the worlds / of beings
लोकानाम्:
TypeNoun
Rootलोक
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
ईशःlord
ईशः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootईश
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
भुवनेश्वरःlord of the universe
भुवनेश्वरः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootभुवन-ईश्वर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
ब्रह्माBrahmā
ब्रह्मा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootब्रह्मन् (ब्रह्मा-शब्दः)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
प्रत्युवाचreplied / answered
प्रत्युवाच:
TypeVerb
Rootप्रति-√वच्
FormPerfect (Liṭ), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
इदम्this (speech/statement)
इदम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootइदम्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
स्निग्ध-गम्भीरयाwith (a) affectionate and deep
स्निग्ध-गम्भीरया:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootस्निग्ध + गम्भीर
FormFeminine, Instrumental, Singular
गिराby/with speech, voice
गिरा:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootगिर्
FormFeminine, Instrumental, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma
B
Bhagavan (Vishnu/Narayana implied)
B
Brahma

Educational Q&A

The verse foregrounds divine supremacy and moral authority: the Lord is portrayed as sovereign even over worldly and cosmic rulers, and his speech combines compassion (snigdha) with seriousness (gambhīra), suggesting that true guidance is both kind and weighty.

Bhishma, speaking within the war narrative, introduces a divine episode: the Supreme Lord addresses Brahmā. This sets up a theological explanation of events and the exalted status of the Lord (often understood here as Nārāyaṇa/Kṛṣṇa).